Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of 20-24nt in length mediating RNA silencing, a eukaryotic, sequence-specific repressive gene regulation mechanism. In plants, miRNAs have a pivotal role during fundamental processes such as development, maintenance of genome integrity and abiotic stress responses. They originate from MIRNA genes that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II; MIRNA transcripts form imperfect fold-back structures that are further processed to miRNA duplexes. In Arabidopsis, over 180 MIRNA loci have been identified. Recent evidence shows that miRNAs are substantially implicated in regulating plant immunity. Pathogen attack triggers massive changes in the miRNA transcriptome; many of the altered miRNAs participate in controlling plant hormone pathways. Moreover, microorganisms are known to manipulate silencing pathways to counteract miRNA-mediated defenses. Thus far, miRNAs are believed to likely function as cardinal players in the concert of broad-spectrum disease resistance. Here, we summarize the highlights and latest findings of miRNAs as molecular regulators during plant-microbe interactions.
Keywords: Biotic stress, innate immunity, microRNA, plant defense, plant hormones, small RNAs.
MicroRNA
Title:Small Yet Mighty – MicroRNAs in Plant-Microbe Interactions
Volume: 2 Issue: 1
Author(s): Dirk Balmer and Brigitte Mauch-Mani
Affiliation:
Keywords: Biotic stress, innate immunity, microRNA, plant defense, plant hormones, small RNAs.
Abstract: Micro RNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs of 20-24nt in length mediating RNA silencing, a eukaryotic, sequence-specific repressive gene regulation mechanism. In plants, miRNAs have a pivotal role during fundamental processes such as development, maintenance of genome integrity and abiotic stress responses. They originate from MIRNA genes that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II; MIRNA transcripts form imperfect fold-back structures that are further processed to miRNA duplexes. In Arabidopsis, over 180 MIRNA loci have been identified. Recent evidence shows that miRNAs are substantially implicated in regulating plant immunity. Pathogen attack triggers massive changes in the miRNA transcriptome; many of the altered miRNAs participate in controlling plant hormone pathways. Moreover, microorganisms are known to manipulate silencing pathways to counteract miRNA-mediated defenses. Thus far, miRNAs are believed to likely function as cardinal players in the concert of broad-spectrum disease resistance. Here, we summarize the highlights and latest findings of miRNAs as molecular regulators during plant-microbe interactions.
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Cite this article as:
Balmer Dirk and Mauch-Mani Brigitte, Small Yet Mighty – MicroRNAs in Plant-Microbe Interactions, MicroRNA 2013; 2 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211536611302010008
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2211536611302010008 |
Print ISSN 2211-5366 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2211-5374 |
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