Abstract
Infections are the most common inflammatory triggers and acute and chronic infections have been associated with the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease raising interest in the infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis. Pathogens have been identified in atherosclerotic plaques and large epidemiological studies have documented conflicting associations between serological evidence of infection and cardiovascular events. Influenza A was mostly studied as a trigger for cardiovascular events during winter months, whilst cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori and porphyromonas ginigivalis were the most studied chronic pathogens which had been associated with the development and progression of cardiovascular disease.
Infectious agents can contribute to atherosclerosis by having a direct effect on the vascular wall or via indirect effects including inflammatory responses and molecular mimicry. Efforts to prevent infection with vaccination or treat specific infectious agents with antibiotics have provided mostly negative results, thereby challenging the validity of the infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis.
Keywords: Chlamydia, viruses, bacteria, atherosclerosis, antibiotics, mechanisms, atherosclerotic disease, Influenza A, helicobacter pylori, porphyromonas ginigivalis
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Infections and Atheromatous Plaque: Current Therapeutic Implications
Volume: 19 Issue: 9
Author(s): Marietta Charakida and Dimitris Tousoulis
Affiliation:
Keywords: Chlamydia, viruses, bacteria, atherosclerosis, antibiotics, mechanisms, atherosclerotic disease, Influenza A, helicobacter pylori, porphyromonas ginigivalis
Abstract: Infections are the most common inflammatory triggers and acute and chronic infections have been associated with the development and progression of atherosclerotic disease raising interest in the infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis. Pathogens have been identified in atherosclerotic plaques and large epidemiological studies have documented conflicting associations between serological evidence of infection and cardiovascular events. Influenza A was mostly studied as a trigger for cardiovascular events during winter months, whilst cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori and porphyromonas ginigivalis were the most studied chronic pathogens which had been associated with the development and progression of cardiovascular disease.
Infectious agents can contribute to atherosclerosis by having a direct effect on the vascular wall or via indirect effects including inflammatory responses and molecular mimicry. Efforts to prevent infection with vaccination or treat specific infectious agents with antibiotics have provided mostly negative results, thereby challenging the validity of the infectious hypothesis of atherosclerosis.
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Cite this article as:
Charakida Marietta and Tousoulis Dimitris, Infections and Atheromatous Plaque: Current Therapeutic Implications, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2013; 19 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319090011
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612811319090011 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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