Generic placeholder image

Current Cancer Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1568-0096
ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

Review Article

Nanotechnology-enabled Chemodynamic Therapy and Immunotherapy

Author(s): Taixia Wang, Xiaohong Xu and Kun Zhang*

Volume 21, Issue 7, 2021

Published on: 19 February, 2021

Page: [545 - 557] Pages: 13

DOI: 10.2174/1568009621666210219101552

Price: $65

Abstract

High-level reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been reported to exert a robust anti-tumor effect by inducing cell apoptosis or necroptosis. Based on the Fenton reaction or Fenton-like reaction, a therapeutic strategy (i.e., chemodynamic therapy (CDT)) is proposed, where hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are one of the ROS that can be produced to kill tumors via the spontaneous activation by an endogenous stimulus. Moreover, high-level ROS can also facilitate tumor-associated antigen exposure, which benefits phagocytosis of corpses and debris by antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells (DCs)) and further activates systematic immune responses. Great efforts have been made, wherein the development in the field of nanotechnology has been witnessed by the interdisciplinary communities. For providing a comprehensive understanding of CDT, state-of-theart strategies on nanotechnology-enabled CDT have been discussed in detail in this study. In particular, the combination of CDT with its augmented immunotherapy against tumors has been highlighted for overcoming the poor outcome of the mono-CDT. Moreover, the potential challenges have also been discussed.

Keywords: Reactive oxygen species, chemodynamic therapy, immunotherapy, nanotechnology, synergistic therapy, dendritic cells (DCs).

Next »
Graphical Abstract

[1]
Idelchik, M.D.P.S.; Begley, U.; Begley, T.J.; Melendez, J.A. Mitochondrial ROS control of cancer. Semin. Cancer Biol., 2017, 47, 57-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.04.005] [PMID: 28445781]
[2]
Tang, Z.; Liu, Y.; He, M.; Bu, W. Chemodynamic therapy: Tumour microenvironment-mediated fenton and fenton-like reactions. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2019, 58(4), 946-956.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201805664] [PMID: 30048028]
[3]
Zhang, K.; Xu, H.; Chen, H.; Jia, X.; Zheng, S.; Cai, X.; Wang, R.; Mou, J.; Zheng, Y.; Shi, J. CO2 bubbling-based ‘nanobomb’ system for targetedly suppressing Panc-1 pancreatic tumor via low intensity ultrasound-activated inertial cavitation. Theranostics, 2015, 5(11), 1291-1302.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.7150/thno.12691] [PMID: 26379793]
[4]
Zhang, K.; Li, P.; Chen, H.; Bo, X.; Li, X.; Xu, H. Continuous cavitation designed for enhancing radiofrequency ablation via a special radiofrequency solidoid vaporization process. ACS Nano, 2016, 10(2), 2549-2558.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b07486] [PMID: 26800221]
[5]
Zhang, K.; Cheng, Y.; Ren, W.; Sun, L.; Liu, C.; Wang, D.; Guo, L.; Xu, H.; Zhao, Y. Coordination-responsive longitudinal relaxation tuning as a versatile MRI sensing protocol for malignancy targets. Adv. Sci. (Weinh.), 2018, 5(9), 1800021.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/advs.201800021] [PMID: 30250780]
[6]
Zhang, K.; Li, H-Y.; Lang, J-Y.; Li, X-T.; Yue, W-W.; Yin, Y-F.; Du, D.; Fang, Y.; Wu, H.; Zhao, Y-X.; Xu, C. Quantum yield-engineered biocompatible probes illuminate lung tumor based on viscosity confinement-mediated antiaggregation. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2019, 29, 1905124.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905124]
[7]
Chen, J.; Luo, H.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, W.; Li, H.; Luo, T.; Zhang, K.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, J. Oxygen-self-produced nanoplatform for relieving hypoxia and breaking resistance to sonodynamic treatment of pancreatic cancer. ACS Nano, 2017, 11(12), 12849-12862.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b08225] [PMID: 29236476]
[8]
Zhang, K.; Xu, H.; Jia, X.; Chen, Y.; Ma, M.; Sun, L.; Chen, H. Ultrasound-triggered nitric oxide release platform based on energy transformation for targeted inhibition of pancreatic tumor. ACS Nano, 2016, 10(12), 10816-10828.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b04921] [PMID: 28024356]
[9]
Lin, H.; Chen, Y.; Shi, J. Nanoparticle-triggered in situ catalytic chemical reactions for tumour-specific therapy. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2018, 47(6), 1938-1958.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C7CS00471K] [PMID: 29417106]
[10]
Zhang, C.; Bu, W.; Ni, D.; Zhang, S.; Li, Q.; Yao, Z.; Zhang, J.; Yao, H.; Wang, Z.; Shi, J. Synthesis of iron nanometallic glasses and their application in cancer therapy by a localized Fenton reaction. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2016, 55(6), 2101-2106.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201510031] [PMID: 26836344]
[11]
Fang, Y.; Li, H-Y.; Yin, H-H.; Xu, S-H.; Ren, W-W.; Ding, S-S.; Tang, W-Z.; Xiang, L-H.; Wu, R.; Guan, X.; Zhang, K. Radiofrequency-sensitive longitudinal relaxation tuning strategy enabling the visualization of radiofrequency ablation intensified by magnetic composite. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2019, 11(12), 11251-11261.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b02401] [PMID: 30874421]
[12]
Afzal, M.; Ameeduzzafar, ; Alharbi, K.S.; Alruwaili, N.K.; Al-Abassi, F.A.; Al-Malki, A.A.L.; Kazmi, I.; Kumar, V.; Kamal, M.A.; Nadeem, M.S.; Aslam, M.; Anwar, F. Nanomedicine in treatment of breast cancer - A challenge to conventional therapy. Semin. Cancer Biol., 2021, 69, 279-292.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.12.016] [PMID: 31870940]
[13]
Lin, L.S.; Huang, T.; Song, J.; Ou, X.Y.; Wang, Z.; Deng, H.; Tian, R.; Liu, Y.; Wang, J.F.; Liu, Y.; Yu, G.; Zhou, Z.; Wang, S.; Niu, G.; Yang, H.H.; Chen, X. Synthesis of copper peroxide nanodots for H2O2 self-supplying chemodynamic therapy. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2019, 141(25), 9937-9945.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b03457] [PMID: 31199131]
[14]
Feng, W.; Han, X.; Wang, R.; Gao, X.; Hu, P.; Yue, W.; Chen, Y.; Shi, J. Nanocatalysts-augmented and photothermal-enhanced tumor-specific sequential nanocatalytic therapy in both NIR-I and NIR-II biowindows. Adv. Mater., 2019, 31(5), e1805919.
[PMID: 30536723]
[15]
Lin, L.S.; Song, J.; Song, L.; Ke, K.; Liu, Y.; Zhou, Z.; Shen, Z.; Li, J.; Yang, Z.; Tang, W.; Niu, G.; Yang, H.H.; Chen, X. Simultaneous fenton-like ion delivery and glutathione depletion by MnO2-based nanoagent to enhance chemodynamic therapy. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2018, 57(18), 4902-4906.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201712027] [PMID: 29488312]
[16]
Boulch, M.; Grandjean, C.L.; Cazaux, M.; Bousso, P. Tumor immunosurveillance and immunotherapies: A fresh look from intravital imaging. Trends Immunol., 2019, 40(11), 1022-1034.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2019.09.002] [PMID: 31668676]
[17]
Li, Q.; Zhang, D.; Zhang, J.; Jiang, Y.; Song, A.; Li, Z.; Luan, Y. A three-in-one immunotherapy nanoweapon via cascade-amplifying cancer-immunity cycle against tumor metastasis, relapse, and postsurgical regrowth. Nano Lett., 2019, 19(9), 6647-6657.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02923] [PMID: 31409072]
[18]
Riley, R.S.; June, C.H.; Langer, R.; Mitchell, M.J. Delivery technologies for cancer immunotherapy. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov., 2019, 18(3), 175-196.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41573-018-0006-z] [PMID: 30622344]
[19]
Li, W.; Yang, J.; Luo, L.; Jiang, M.; Qin, B.; Yin, H.; Zhu, C.; Yuan, X.; Zhang, J.; Luo, Z.; Du, Y.; Li, Q.; Lou, Y.; Qiu, Y.; You, J. Targeting photodynamic and photothermal therapy to the endoplasmic reticulum enhances immunogenic cancer cell death. Nat. Commun., 2019, 10(1), 3349.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-11269-8] [PMID: 31350406]
[20]
Yue, W.; Chen, L.; Yu, L.; Zhou, B.; Yin, H.; Ren, W.; Liu, C.; Guo, L.; Zhang, Y.; Sun, L.; Zhang, K.; Xu, H.; Chen, Y. Checkpoint blockade and nanosonosensitizer-augmented noninvasive sonodynamic therapy combination reduces tumour growth and metastases in mice. Nat. Commun., 2019, 10(1), 2025.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09760-3] [PMID: 31048681]
[21]
Zitvogel, L.; Kepp, O.; Senovilla, L.; Menger, L.; Chaput, N.; Kroemer, G. Immunogenic tumor cell death for optimal anticancer therapy: the calreticulin exposure pathway. Clin. Cancer Res., 2010, 16(12), 3100-3104.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2891] [PMID: 20421432]
[22]
Chang, M.; Wang, M.; Wang, M.; Shu, M.; Ding, B.; Li, C.; Pang, M.; Cui, S.; Hou, Z.; Lin, J. A multifunctional cascade bioreactor based on hollow-structured Cu2MoS4 for synergetic cancer chemo- dynamic therapy/starvation therapy/phototherapy/immunotherapy with remarkably enhanced efficacy. Adv. Mater., 2019, 31, 1905271.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905271]
[23]
Bokare, A.D.; Choi, W. Review of iron-free Fenton-like systems for activating H2O2 in advanced oxidation processes. J. Hazard. Mater., 2014, 275, 121-135.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.04.054] [PMID: 24857896]
[24]
Zhou, B.; Zhang, J.Y.; Liu, X.S.; Chen, H.Z.; Ai, Y.L.; Cheng, K.; Sun, R.Y.; Zhou, D.; Han, J.; Wu, Q. Tom20 senses iron-activated ROS signaling to promote melanoma cell pyroptosis. Cell Res., 2018, 28(12), 1171-1185.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41422-018-0090-y] [PMID: 30287942]
[25]
Chen, Q.; Liang, C.; Sun, X.; Chen, J.; Yang, Z.; Zhao, H.; Feng, L.; Liu, Z. H2O2-responsive liposomal nanoprobe for photoacoustic inflammation imaging and tumor theranostics via in vivo chromogenic assay. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2017, 114(21), 5343-5348.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1701976114] [PMID: 28484000]
[26]
López-Lázaro, M. Dual role of hydrogen peroxide in cancer: possible relevance to cancer chemoprevention and therapy. Cancer Lett., 2007, 252(1), 1-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2006.10.029] [PMID: 17150302]
[27]
Ma, P.; Xiao, H.; Yu, C.; Liu, J.; Cheng, Z.; Song, H.; Zhang, X.; Li, C.; Wang, J.; Gu, Z.; Lin, J. Enhanced cisplatin chemotherapy by iron oxide nanocarrier-mediated generation of highly toxic reactive oxygen species. Nano Lett., 2017, 17(2), 928-937.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04269] [PMID: 28139118]
[28]
Sang, W.; Zhang, Z.; Dai, Y.; Chen, X. Recent advances in nanomaterial-based synergistic combination cancer immunotherapy. Chem. Soc. Rev., 2019, 48(14), 3771-3810.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C8CS00896E] [PMID: 31165801]
[29]
Liu, Y.; Ji, X.; Tong, W.W.L.; Askhatova, D.; Yang, T.; Cheng, H.; Wang, Y.; Shi, J. Shi, J. Engineering multifunctional RNAi nanomedicine to concurrently target cancer hallmarks for combinatorial therapy. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2018, 57(6), 1510-1513.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201710144] [PMID: 29276823]
[30]
Zhang, K.; Fang, Y.; He, Y.; Yin, H.; Guan, X.; Pu, Y.; Zhou, B.; Yue, W.; Ren, W.; Du, D.; Li, H.; Liu, C.; Sun, L.; Chen, Y.; Xu, H. Extravascular gelation shrinkage-derived internal stress enables tumor starvation therapy with suppressed metastasis and recurrence. Nat. Commun., 2019, 10(1), 5380.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13115-3] [PMID: 31772164]
[31]
Huo, M.; Wang, L.; Chen, Y.; Shi, J. Tumor-selective catalytic nanomedicine by nanocatalyst delivery. Nat. Commun., 2017, 8(1), 357.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-00424-8] [PMID: 28842577]
[32]
Meister, A. Glutathione metabolism and its selective modification. J. Biol. Chem., 1988, 263(33), 17205-17208.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)77815-6] [PMID: 3053703]
[33]
Dong, Z.; Feng, L.; Chao, Y.; Hao, Y.; Chen, M.; Gong, F.; Han, X.; Zhang, R.; Cheng, L.; Liu, Z. Amplification of tumor oxidative stresses with liposomal fenton catalyst and glutathione inhibitor for enhanced cancer chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Nano Lett., 2019, 19(2), 805-815.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03905] [PMID: 30592897]
[34]
Shields, C.W.; Wang, L.L.; Evans, M.A.; Mitragotri, S. Materials for immunotherapy. Adv. Mater., 2019.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901633] [PMID: 31250498]
[35]
Granier, C.; De Guillebon, E.; Blanc, C.; Roussel, H.; Badoual, C.; Colin, E.; Saldmann, A.; Gey, A.; Oudard, S.; Tartour, E. Mechanisms of action and rationale for the use of checkpoint inhibitors in cancer. ESMO Open, 2017, 2(2), e000213.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2017-000213] [PMID: 28761757]
[36]
Pardoll, D.M. The blockade of immune checkpoints in cancer immunotherapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2012, 12(4), 252-264.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc3239] [PMID: 22437870]
[37]
Ahmed, S.; Rai, K.R. Interferon in the treatment of hairy-cell leukemia. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol., 2003, 16(1), 69-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1521-6926(02)00084-1] [PMID: 12670466]
[38]
Lee, S.; Margolin, K. Cytokines in cancer immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel), 2011, 3(4), 3856-3893.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers3043856] [PMID: 24213115]
[39]
Lim, W.A.; June, C.H. The principles of engineering immune cells to treat cancer. Cell, 2017, 168(4), 724-740.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.016] [PMID: 28187291]
[40]
Fesnak, A.D.; June, C.H.; Levine, B.L. Engineered T cells: The promise and challenges of cancer immunotherapy. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2016, 16(9), 566-581.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrc.2016.97] [PMID: 27550819]
[41]
Peggs, K.S.; Quezada, S.A.; Allison, J.P. Cancer immunotherapy: co-stimulatory agonists and co-inhibitory antagonists. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 2009, 157(1), 9-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2249.2009.03912.x] [PMID: 19659765]
[42]
Srivatsan, S.; Patel, J.M.; Bozeman, E.N.; Imasuen, I.E.; He, S.; Daniels, D.; Selvaraj, P. Allogeneic tumor cell vaccines: The promise and limitations in clinical trials. Hum. Vaccin. Immunother., 2014, 10(1), 52-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.26568] [PMID: 24064957]
[43]
Chiang, C.L.; Coukos, G.; Kandalaft, L.E. Whole tumor antigen vaccines: Where are we? Vaccines (Basel), 2015, 3(2), 344-372.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines3020344] [PMID: 26343191]
[44]
Goldberg, M.S. Improving cancer immunotherapy through nanotechnology. Nat. Rev. Cancer, 2019, 19(10), 587-602.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41568-019-0186-9] [PMID: 31492927]
[45]
Chen, Q.; Wang, C.; Zhang, X.; Chen, G.; Hu, Q.; Li, H.; Wang, J.; Wen, D.; Zhang, Y.; Lu, Y.; Yang, G.; Jiang, C.; Wang, J.; Dotti, G.; Gu, Z. In situ sprayed bioresponsive immunotherapeutic gel for post-surgical cancer treatment. Nat. Nanotechnol., 2019, 14(1), 89-97.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0319-4] [PMID: 30531990]
[46]
Tang, L.; Zheng, Y.; Melo, M.B.; Mabardi, L.; Castaño, A.P.; Xie, Y.Q.; Li, N.; Kudchodkar, S.B.; Wong, H.C.; Jeng, E.K.; Maus, M.V.; Irvine, D.J. Enhancing T cell therapy through TCR-signaling-responsive nanoparticle drug delivery. Nat. Biotechnol., 2018, 36(8), 707-716.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt.4181] [PMID: 29985479]
[47]
Zheng, C.; Wang, Q.; Wang, Y.; Zhao, X.; Gao, K.; Liu, Q.; Zhao, Y.; Zhang, Z.; Zheng, Y.; Cao, J.; Chen, H.; Shi, L.; Kang, C.; Liu, Y.; Lu, Y. In situ modification of the tumor cell surface with immunomodulating nanoparticles for effective suppression of tumor growth in mice. Adv. Mater., 2019, 31(32), e1902542.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902542] [PMID: 31183900]
[48]
Chen, Q.; Chen, G.; Chen, J.; Shen, J.; Zhang, X.; Wang, J.; Chan, A.; Gu, Z. Bioresponsive protein complex of aPD1 and aCD47 Antibodies for enhanced immunotherapy. Nano Lett., 2019, 19(8), 4879-4889.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00584] [PMID: 31294571]
[49]
Huang, H.; Jiang, C.T.; Shen, S.; Liu, A.; Gan, Y.J.; Tong, Q.S.; Chen, S.B.; Gao, Z.X.; Du, J.Z.; Cao, J.; Wang, J. Nanoenabled reversal of IDO1-mediated immunosuppression synergizes with immunogenic chemotherapy for improved cancer therapy. Nano Lett., 2019, 19(8), 5356-5365.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b01807] [PMID: 31286779]
[50]
Duan, X.; Chan, C.; Guo, N.; Han, W.; Weichselbaum, R.R.; Lin, W. Photodynamic therapy mediated by nontoxic core-shell nanoparticles synergizes with immune checkpoint blockade to elicit antitumor immunity and antimetastatic effect on breast cancer. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138(51), 16686-16695.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b09538] [PMID: 27976881]
[51]
Casares, N.; Pequignot, M.O.; Tesniere, A.; Ghiringhelli, F.; Roux, S.; Chaput, N.; Schmitt, E.; Hamai, A.; Hervas-Stubbs, S.; Obeid, M.; Coutant, F.; Métivier, D.; Pichard, E.; Aucouturier, P.; Pierron, G.; Garrido, C.; Zitvogel, L.; Kroemer, G. Caspase-dependent immunogenicity of doxorubicin-induced tumor cell death. J. Exp. Med., 2005, 202(12), 1691-1701.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20050915] [PMID: 16365148]
[52]
Tesniere, A.; Schlemmer, F.; Boige, V.; Kepp, O.; Martins, I.; Ghiringhelli, F.; Aymeric, L.; Michaud, M.; Apetoh, L.; Barault, L.; Mendiboure, J.; Pignon, J.P.; Jooste, V.; van Endert, P.; Ducreux, M.; Zitvogel, L.; Piard, F.; Kroemer, G. Immunogenic death of colon cancer cells treated with oxaliplatin. Oncogene, 2010, 29(4), 482-491.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/onc.2009.356] [PMID: 19881547]
[53]
Feng, B.; Hou, B.; Xu, Z.; Saeed, M.; Yu, H.; Li, Y. Self-amplified drug delivery with light-inducible nanocargoes to enhance cancer immunotherapy. Adv. Mater., 2019, 31(40), e1902960.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902960] [PMID: 31423683]
[54]
Xu, C.; Yu, Y.; Sun, Y.; Kong, L.; Yang, C.; Hu, M.; Yang, T.; Zhang, J.; Hu, Q.; Zhang, Z. Transformable nanoparticle-enabled synergistic elicitation and promotion of immunogenic cell death for triple-negative breast cancer immunotherapy. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2019, 29, 1905213.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905213]
[55]
Wen, M.; Ouyang, J.; Wei, C.; Li, H.; Chen, W.; Liu, Y.N. Artificial enzyme catalyzed cascade reactions: Antitumor immunotherapy reinforced by NIR-II light. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 2019, 58(48), 17425-17432.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.201909729] [PMID: 31552695]
[56]
Guan, X.; Yin, H.H.; Xu, X.H.; Xu, G.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, B.G.; Yue, W.W.; Liu, C.; Sun, L.P.; Xu, H.X.; Zhang, K. Tumor metabolism-engineered composite nanoplatforms potentiate sonodynamic therapy via reshaping tumor microenvironment and facilitating electron-hole pairs separation. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2020, 30, 2000326.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202000326]
[57]
Yin, Y.; Jiang, X.; Sun, L.; Li, H.; Su, C.; Zhang, Y.; Xu, G.; Li, X.; Zhao, C.; Chen, Y.; Xu, H.; Zhang, K. Continuous inertial cavitation evokes massive ROS for reinforcing sonodynamic therapy and immunogenic cell death against breast carcinoma. Nano Today, 2021, 36, 101009.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2020.101009]
[58]
Fang, Y.; Xu, C.; Zhang, K. Nanotechnology-assisted starvation treatment against malignant tumors. J. Nutr. Oncol., 2019, 4, 31-39.

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version372msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[21:37:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (99.46ms)time
  • Application (273ms)time
  • 1 x Application (73.29%)
    273ms
    1 x Booting (26.71%)
    99.46ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    37 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 33 unique. Show only duplicated180ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('314448117','',1,1740346647,1740346647) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740346647
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('314448117','/article/114376',1,1740346647,1740346647)
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 314448117 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 314448117) limit 1
      14.9msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 314448117
      • 1: 314448117
      • 2: 314448117
      • 3: 314448117
      • 4: 314448117
      • 5: 314448117
      • 6: 314448117
      • 7: 314448117
      • 8: 314448117
      • 9: 314448117
      • 10: 314448117
      • 11: 314448117
      • 12: 314448117
      • 13: 314448117
      • 14: 314448117
      • 15: 314448117
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=114376
      930μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 7 limit 1
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 7
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=7) and sj.journal_id!=7 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.32msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=7) and sj.journal_id!=7 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=7) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      2.07msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=7) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.89msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '114376'
      1.46msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 114376
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '114376'
      2.16msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 114376
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '114376' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      980μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 114376
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      310μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 7 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      47.85msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 7 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      15.63msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 7 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      11.64msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 114376 limit 1
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 114376
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 114376 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      350μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 16 and cd.sub_disease_id = 454 and content_id!=114376 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      49.38msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#769
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:769
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 191586 limit 1
      370μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 191586
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      340μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CCDT' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      440μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CCDT
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '114376' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '10896' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      450μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '2970' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      410μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2970) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2970) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2970)
      13.43msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 10896) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 10896) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 10896)
      640μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 114376) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 114376) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 314448117 and j.to_ip >=314448117 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740346647 and j.to_date >= 1740346647 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 114376)
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '545' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 10896 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      470μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 545
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '557' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 10896 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      420μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 557
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      190μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 114376 limit 1
      2.14msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 114376
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 7 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.17msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 7
      • 3: 1740346647
      • 4: 1740346647
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 7 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740346647 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      3.15msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 7
      • 3: 1740346647
      • 4: 1740346647
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='794caa5c83129c2085475758272996a0'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
    App\Models\MultiLangArticle
    1MultiLangArticle.php#?
        _token
        dEDxPOlII7bzNmslG3RuhGntpOMwKxbpTZsuBMGh
        uc_cart_id
        794caa5c83129c2085475758272996a0
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/114376" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/114376
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Sun, 23 Feb 2025 21:37:27 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIvOUhTTnZrMUNRWmFGN3lueW5DSEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWWwzQW1VU0NQYUtOcjFJbHFyY0NHVmlxczEvaGZtZWZQenEvYTNwNUZIMy95Mi9MTjBrTEZpUTlBL24zTXBIeTN3Mm5uQ2t1RGJReUEvZGZkWTRDZG9OSEJTK29KM0tObU43UHIxbmVnWTljSGZaUG9NRUV4N2xjcHN2Q1A3S0YiLCJtYWMiOiIxMjFhNGRlMmZiNjg4NTc5MDBkMTQ4ZWUyNzlmNWQ1ZDRjYzFmYmY5YTcyZmM1NWNmY2Y2MjI5ZWVkZjlkYjg0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26 Feb 2025 09:37:27 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIvOUhTTnZrMUNRWmFGN3lueW5DSEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWWwzQW1VU0NQYUtOcjFJbHFyY0NHVmlxczEvaGZtZWZQenEvYTNwNUZIMy95Mi9MTjBrTEZpUTlBL24zTXBIeTN3Mm5uQ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImVEVmFhTm8xTDlJRG9SQmt2TVFYNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWk43NEg0akh3SkduMmgrdndkQy9vZ2w2Rmh2cE9CVHo0aU4wWm1rdFRDNmExMHo0OTd5TVhpVm1DS2F4Zk9Eak1ZbGkvVGxRN1k0UDZwdEdiT3VNQVhQT3Q5ZVNkSTZvR3FtV1UyTU1kd2JNM3YzRFgzMHVwS0ZjbHVwUERhK2wiLCJtYWMiOiI0YWVhZjJjZGRmNjRkMDEzMDI3MWI5YWI3MDQ3OTc4Mzg5ZjFkMzAxZmVhYWE5NTU1NTQ5MDM0MzRhMTI0NGEyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImVEVmFhTm8xTDlJRG9SQmt2TVFYNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWk43NEg0akh3SkduMmgrdndkQy9vZ2w2Rmh2cE9CVHo0aU4wWm1rdFRDNmExMHo0OTd5TVhpVm1" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIvOUhTTnZrMUNRWmFGN3lueW5DSEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWWwzQW1VU0NQYUtOcjFJbHFyY0NHVmlxczEvaGZtZWZQenEvYTNwNUZIMy95Mi9MTjBrTEZpUTlBL24zTXBIeTN3Mm5uQ2t1RGJReUEvZGZkWTRDZG9OSEJTK29KM0tObU43UHIxbmVnWTljSGZaUG9NRUV4N2xjcHN2Q1A3S0YiLCJtYWMiOiIxMjFhNGRlMmZiNjg4NTc5MDBkMTQ4ZWUyNzlmNWQ1ZDRjYzFmYmY5YTcyZmM1NWNmY2Y2MjI5ZWVkZjlkYjg0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Wed, 26-Feb-2025 09:37:27 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlIvOUhTTnZrMUNRWmFGN3lueW5DSEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWWwzQW1VU0NQYUtOcjFJbHFyY0NHVmlxczEvaGZtZWZQenEvYTNwNUZIMy95Mi9MTjBrTEZpUTlBL24zTXBIeTN3Mm5uQ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImVEVmFhTm8xTDlJRG9SQmt2TVFYNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWk43NEg0akh3SkduMmgrdndkQy9vZ2w2Rmh2cE9CVHo0aU4wWm1rdFRDNmExMHo0OTd5TVhpVm1DS2F4Zk9Eak1ZbGkvVGxRN1k0UDZwdEdiT3VNQVhQT3Q5ZVNkSTZvR3FtV1UyTU1kd2JNM3YzRFgzMHVwS0ZjbHVwUERhK2wiLCJtYWMiOiI0YWVhZjJjZGRmNjRkMDEzMDI3MWI5YWI3MDQ3OTc4Mzg5ZjFkMzAxZmVhYWE5NTU1NTQ5MDM0MzRhMTI0NGEyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6ImVEVmFhTm8xTDlJRG9SQmt2TVFYNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWk43NEg0akh3SkduMmgrdndkQy9vZ2w2Rmh2cE9CVHo0aU4wWm1rdFRDNmExMHo0OTd5TVhpVm1" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "dEDxPOlII7bzNmslG3RuhGntpOMwKxbpTZsuBMGh" "uc_cart_id" => "794caa5c83129c2085475758272996a0" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/114376" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-23 21:37:27GET/article/114376414372