癌症靶向的溶瘤腺病毒用于调节免疫系统

Title:Cancer-Targeted Oncolytic Adenoviruses for Modulation of the Immune System

Volume: 18 Issue: 2

关键词: 溶瘤腺病毒，基因治疗，先天性免疫系统，适应性免疫系统，模式识别受体，武装溶瘤腺病毒，Toll样受体。

摘要: Adenovirus is one of the most commonly used vectors for gene therapy and it is the first approved virus-derived drug for treatment of cancer. As an oncolytic agent, it can induce lysis of infected cells, but it can also engage the immune system, promoting activation and maturation of antigen- presenting cells (APCs). In essence, oncolysis combined with the associated immunostimulatory actions result in a “personalized in situ vaccine” for each patient. In order to take full advantage of these features, we should try to understand how adenovirus interacts with the immune system, what are the receptors involved in triggering subsequent signals and which kind of responses they elicit. Tackling these questions will give us further insight in how to manipulate adenovirus-mediated immune responses for enhancement of anti-tumor efficacy.

In this review, we first highlight how oncolytic adenovirus interacts with the innate immune system and its receptors such as Toll-like receptors, nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)- like receptors and other immune sensors. Then we describe the effect of these interactions on the adaptive immune system and its cells, especially B and T lymphocytes. Finally, we summarize the most significant preclinical and clinical results in the field of gene therapy where researchers have engineered adenovirus to manipulate the host immune system by expressing cytokines and signalingmediators.

Cite this article as:

Cancer-Targeted Oncolytic Adenoviruses for Modulation of the Immune System, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2018; 18 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009617666170502152352