Internet Multimedia Search and Mining

Adapting Web-based Video Concept Detectors for Different Target Domains

Author(s): Damian Borth, Adrian Ulges and Thomas M. Breuel

Pp: 130-167 (38)

DOI: 10.2174/9781608052158113010009

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

In this chapter, we address the visual learning of automatic concept detectors from web video as available from services like YouTube. While allowing a much more efficient, flexible, and scalable concept learning compared to expert labels, web-based detectors perform poorly when applied to different domains (such as specific TV channels). We address this domain change problem using a novel approach, which – after an initial training on web content – performs a highly efficient online adaptation on the target domain.

In quantitative experiments on data from YouTube and from the TRECVID campaign, we first validate that domain change appears to be the key problem for web-based concept learning, with a much more significant impact than other phenomena like label noise. Second, the proposed adaptation approach is shown to improve the accuracy of web-based detectors significantly, even over SVMs trained on the target domain. Finally, we extend our approach with active learning such that adaptation can be interleaved with manual annotation for an efficient exploration of novel domains.


Keywords: content-based video retrieval, concept detection, visual learning, web video, domain change, cross-domain, online learning, classifier adaptation, TRECVID, YouTube

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59424481 and j.to_ip >=59424481 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971438 and j.to_date >= 1739971438 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 5582) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59424481 and j.to_ip >=59424481 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971438 and j.to_date >= 1739971438 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 5582) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 59424481 and j.to_ip >=59424481 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739971438 and j.to_date >= 1739971438 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 5582)
      570μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 1315 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739971438 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739971438 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.06msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 1315
      • 3: 1739971438
      • 4: 1739971438
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='c01d72ac4e98ab5d4425a81721c95d91'
      200μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    10Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        4OvTlGh7k5LSwovGkgJGabg6Kot6RZKl5co5Fm1k
        uc_cart_id
        c01d72ac4e98ab5d4425a81721c95d91
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/5582" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/5582
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImtIa0Rna0hlK21QQWdIbHV4c0d5L3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiajVjMzFYNW9IMFdVTGRQak5USUZheUJ3YS9MZ0NxK00yb3gxQk45bjlSMD0iLCJtYWMiOiI0ZGJhNTNlNTRjZWE5YWM0NmQ4ZjhmZDkxZWI1ZWM3NjIwZDU1MjQ1YjBkMmFjNjkzNTg3NjY3YTIyYWU1ODQxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6ImtIa0Rna0hlK21QQWdIbHV4c0d5L3c9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiajVjMzFYNW9IMFdVTGRQak5USUZheUJ3YS9MZ0NxK00yb3gxQk45bjlSMD0iLCJtYWMiOiI0ZGJhNTNlNTRjZWE5" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Wed, 19 Feb 2025 13:23:58 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InkwOGwvc1hWUVArTXdvS1dlYlcwNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWXBsSlFnMnptb0w4NkRTUUZIZXF1VEF3VWwySkdHSWlqWThweEZSQk5PY2NRQk1aanBaVzdnRjdFQm01VERQbmpSclZKTHNibUxGL1hFTzFlMlpzOUF0WHNxYWJHMnVIalFDdTNIVnQzTUlLbldTdU9ZWmlXN25ENG9vY2Uybk8iLCJtYWMiOiJhZGEwMTFmM2NmZmVjMTlmMWNmNzYwZTVmOGI2MGVmMWJlMTAzYWFhOTBjNWE0MWViMDQwOTlhZjBiZDEzNzcxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22 Feb 2025 01:23:58 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InkwOGwvc1hWUVArTXdvS1dlYlcwNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWXBsSlFnMnptb0w4NkRTUUZIZXF1VEF3VWwySkdHSWlqWThweEZSQk5PY2NRQk1aanBaVzdnRjdFQm01VERQbmpSclZKT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ill3aSt4a1V2cURKeVhTT1ZGTWpEcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiaTlmWGpMWUtsZkRIZFFDTGxBRFJXeFRoUFF6dGFLbDdlWjJzNjNPSUhUbVJhTXdYRTVkQUE5OTRqMm1Ob1VDdUdkdnhSMDE0ZGFRaEVvem5ISS9ZSXdORC8rMzlaWXFVdjlGay94SVNHRzdneFJicGxaNVJpb3JZalMwZkhwRG0iLCJtYWMiOiI5NjlmN2ExOGUyMGUzNzk4ZDBlN2E0NWNhZmI0Y2U3MzU4Y2IzOTg5YTdiN2ZmZjQxMDg2NDdkMTZiNWYyZjQ0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ill3aSt4a1V2cURKeVhTT1ZGTWpEcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiaTlmWGpMWUtsZkRIZFFDTGxBRFJXeFRoUFF6dGFLbDdlWjJzNjNPSUhUbVJhTXdYRTVkQUE5OTR" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InkwOGwvc1hWUVArTXdvS1dlYlcwNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWXBsSlFnMnptb0w4NkRTUUZIZXF1VEF3VWwySkdHSWlqWThweEZSQk5PY2NRQk1aanBaVzdnRjdFQm01VERQbmpSclZKTHNibUxGL1hFTzFlMlpzOUF0WHNxYWJHMnVIalFDdTNIVnQzTUlLbldTdU9ZWmlXN25ENG9vY2Uybk8iLCJtYWMiOiJhZGEwMTFmM2NmZmVjMTlmMWNmNzYwZTVmOGI2MGVmMWJlMTAzYWFhOTBjNWE0MWViMDQwOTlhZjBiZDEzNzcxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Sat, 22-Feb-2025 01:23:58 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InkwOGwvc1hWUVArTXdvS1dlYlcwNmc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiWXBsSlFnMnptb0w4NkRTUUZIZXF1VEF3VWwySkdHSWlqWThweEZSQk5PY2NRQk1aanBaVzdnRjdFQm01VERQbmpSclZKT" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ill3aSt4a1V2cURKeVhTT1ZGTWpEcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiaTlmWGpMWUtsZkRIZFFDTGxBRFJXeFRoUFF6dGFLbDdlWjJzNjNPSUhUbVJhTXdYRTVkQUE5OTRqMm1Ob1VDdUdkdnhSMDE0ZGFRaEVvem5ISS9ZSXdORC8rMzlaWXFVdjlGay94SVNHRzdneFJicGxaNVJpb3JZalMwZkhwRG0iLCJtYWMiOiI5NjlmN2ExOGUyMGUzNzk4ZDBlN2E0NWNhZmI0Y2U3MzU4Y2IzOTg5YTdiN2ZmZjQxMDg2NDdkMTZiNWYyZjQ0IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ill3aSt4a1V2cURKeVhTT1ZGTWpEcHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiaTlmWGpMWUtsZkRIZFFDTGxBRFJXeFRoUFF6dGFLbDdlWjJzNjNPSUhUbVJhTXdYRTVkQUE5OTR" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "4OvTlGh7k5LSwovGkgJGabg6Kot6RZKl5co5Fm1k" "uc_cart_id" => "c01d72ac4e98ab5d4425a81721c95d91" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/5582" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-19 13:23:58GET/chapter/55821121912