Marvels of Artificial and Computational Intelligence in Life Sciences

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Game Changer in Cancer Biology

Author(s): Ashok Kamalanathan, Babu Muthu and Patheri Kuniyil Kaleena * .

Pp: 62-87 (26)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815136807123010009

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Healthcare is one of many industries where the most modern technologies, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, have shown a wide range of applications. Cancer, one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases in modern times, accounts for a sizable portion of worldwide mortality. Investigations are continuously being conducted to find ways to reduce cancer mortality and morbidity. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is currently being used in cancer research, with promising results. Two main features play a vital role in improving cancer prognosis: early detection and proper diagnosis using imaging and molecular techniques. AI's use as a tool in these sectors has demonstrated its capacity to precisely detect and diagnose, which is one of AI's many applications in cancer research. The purpose of this chapter is to review the literature and find AI applications in a range of cancers that are commonly seen.

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      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
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      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
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      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
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      280μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
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      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740459911 and j.to_date >= 1740459911 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 20283) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740459911 and j.to_date >= 1740459911 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 20283) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 51286341 and j.to_ip >=51286341 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740459911 and j.to_date >= 1740459911 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 20283)
      620μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3576 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740459911 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740459911 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3576
      • 3: 1740459911
      • 4: 1740459911
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='a9dfe938c7c5af6d18d669f33505cf3e'
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        xn2K3EH3DNoQMT0TLMZbiKPtF8OpeY649jK4naH7
        uc_cart_id
        a9dfe938c7c5af6d18d669f33505cf3e
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/20283" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/20283
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InArZ2JCOURsM2xDUiszMEJncHJPL0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOVd4bHgveWM0M0Z4NStIcEhnSWgzdk1obHpheXZra04vcDJCYzdkVU9KYz0iLCJtYWMiOiJiZjMzZTUxZDViY2E3OGQyZWYwYjc2MmFmYmRlMGZlZTQwZjY0MzViNWMxOWVmOTdhNjgyZjMwNzE0YmQzZTEyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InArZ2JCOURsM2xDUiszMEJncHJPL0E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiOVd4bHgveWM0M0Z4NStIcEhnSWgzdk1obHpheXZra04vcDJCYzdkVU9KYz0iLCJtYWMiOiJiZjMzZTUxZDViY2E3" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 05:05:11 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlYxcnNad01aYjI2cTVYejdUZUJjNlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicFJ6UEloR1JPQXJRc3FRSEFxN0RMWDJ2VFU4TVZ5YVc2dTBWOVpocjFSV2VRYjc2aFVZd2sweDlxSklaRkFsb0hDdFF0YVpueEQzQWVRRE54VG9LbTVEczB3STM3ZFJNdGpyUTl6NjZVNWJrSEhRdUEzVHdWZEFFVWd4c0ROTHQiLCJtYWMiOiJjYjg2Yjk5ODdkMGFkZDFkZWYxZDAwZDZmZjg0YTZlM2QxNDcyZDRkNDAyMDM0OWM2MzQ5YjFmZjNmYjdhMzM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27 Feb 2025 17:05:11 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlYxcnNad01aYjI2cTVYejdUZUJjNlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicFJ6UEloR1JPQXJRc3FRSEFxN0RMWDJ2VFU4TVZ5YVc2dTBWOVpocjFSV2VRYjc2aFVZd2sweDlxSklaRkFsb0hDdFF0Y" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkVrVnpRTVFiMFo0VUljaENiNmlEMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT29uY2NNeDNROVUwQkc4OHVQSTR0WTg0TE8yczNDbUdFdWlEak5uempaR2t6YnNGTitjZ015QXB2Q21CemlKTDVidk9vaEIvZmlxeHlNNVg3RFdIMU13WUF2bzU2bDM0Y0twWU5TWkczSVp0VFNzN01sUlBEeGpSM3JNeXd6b1YiLCJtYWMiOiJjM2U2NjZhMDZiNGRiZDMwODVlNTIzZjhhZTdiZWNhNWU5MDFlNDg5ZTRmM2ZhOTg3NTljYTRhMGI0OTI3MTExIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkVrVnpRTVFiMFo0VUljaENiNmlEMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT29uY2NNeDNROVUwQkc4OHVQSTR0WTg0TE8yczNDbUdFdWlEak5uempaR2t6YnNGTitjZ015QXB" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlYxcnNad01aYjI2cTVYejdUZUJjNlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicFJ6UEloR1JPQXJRc3FRSEFxN0RMWDJ2VFU4TVZ5YVc2dTBWOVpocjFSV2VRYjc2aFVZd2sweDlxSklaRkFsb0hDdFF0YVpueEQzQWVRRE54VG9LbTVEczB3STM3ZFJNdGpyUTl6NjZVNWJrSEhRdUEzVHdWZEFFVWd4c0ROTHQiLCJtYWMiOiJjYjg2Yjk5ODdkMGFkZDFkZWYxZDAwZDZmZjg0YTZlM2QxNDcyZDRkNDAyMDM0OWM2MzQ5YjFmZjNmYjdhMzM2IiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27-Feb-2025 17:05:11 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IlYxcnNad01aYjI2cTVYejdUZUJjNlE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoicFJ6UEloR1JPQXJRc3FRSEFxN0RMWDJ2VFU4TVZ5YVc2dTBWOVpocjFSV2VRYjc2aFVZd2sweDlxSklaRkFsb0hDdFF0Y" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkVrVnpRTVFiMFo0VUljaENiNmlEMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT29uY2NNeDNROVUwQkc4OHVQSTR0WTg0TE8yczNDbUdFdWlEak5uempaR2t6YnNGTitjZ015QXB2Q21CemlKTDVidk9vaEIvZmlxeHlNNVg3RFdIMU13WUF2bzU2bDM0Y0twWU5TWkczSVp0VFNzN01sUlBEeGpSM3JNeXd6b1YiLCJtYWMiOiJjM2U2NjZhMDZiNGRiZDMwODVlNTIzZjhhZTdiZWNhNWU5MDFlNDg5ZTRmM2ZhOTg3NTljYTRhMGI0OTI3MTExIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IkVrVnpRTVFiMFo0VUljaENiNmlEMHc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiT29uY2NNeDNROVUwQkc4OHVQSTR0WTg0TE8yczNDbUdFdWlEak5uempaR2t6YnNGTitjZ015QXB" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "xn2K3EH3DNoQMT0TLMZbiKPtF8OpeY649jK4naH7" "uc_cart_id" => "a9dfe938c7c5af6d18d669f33505cf3e" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/20283" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 05:05:11GET/chapter/20283112192