Deep Learning for Healthcare Services

Generative Adversarial Networks for Deep Learning in Healthcare: Architecture, Applications and Challenges

Author(s): Shankey Garg* and Pradeep Singh

Pp: 23-47 (25)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815080230123020004

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Deep Learning is a new generation of artificial neural networks that have transformed our daily lives and has impacted several industries and scientific disciplines in recent years. Recent development in deep learning provides various significant methods to obtain end-to-end learning models from complex data. Generative Adversarial Networks give the idea of learning the deep representations without extensively interpreting the training data. The generative adversarial network involves the generative modeling approach that uses the deep learning approach. The chapter is broadly divided into the following sections as (1) Insights of deep learning & the generative adversarial networks, (2) GAN’s representative variants, training methods, architecture, and mathematical representation, and (3) Efficacy of GAN in different applications. This chapter will gain the recent work done in GAN and implement this technique in the different deep learning applications for healthcare. Here, we will also analyze some of the future perspectives and trends in the forthcoming time.

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      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
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      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316204442 and j.to_ip >=316204442 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847466 and j.to_date >= 1739847466 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 19674) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316204442 and j.to_ip >=316204442 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847466 and j.to_date >= 1739847466 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 19674) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 316204442 and j.to_ip >=316204442 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1739847466 and j.to_date >= 1739847466 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 19674)
      600μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 3534 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1739847466 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1739847466 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 3534
      • 3: 1739847466
      • 4: 1739847466
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='da48e4faa050b967d910537fd059bc96'
      180μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        ijwKx7TvNAJ1s8EOAHEF5vNWyKF7k7qOfiIPpqi1
        uc_cart_id
        da48e4faa050b967d910537fd059bc96
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/19674" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/19674
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:17 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "cookie" => array:1 [ 0 => "wayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InBGMUlHVDVncXo5czBJRE1jOU1NVFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiU1J5Yk1GcXdZamx3bU9SdHp4ektjcEg1a0ZEYWV5cUhYektlRG95MVAvUT0iLCJtYWMiOiIzOWMwYjJmNzEwMTBjODBiM2ZjNTFjODg2OGJiMjYzYzZiYTE5OGU0ZjYzYzI0YTg4MDE5NGYwMmFhZmYzNjMxIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3Dwayfindertarget=eyJpdiI6InBGMUlHVDVncXo5czBJRE1jOU1NVFE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiU1J5Yk1GcXdZamx3bU9SdHp4ektjcEg1a0ZEYWV5cUhYektlRG95MVAvUT0iLCJtYWMiOiIzOWMwYjJmNzEwMTBj" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        0 of 0
        array:1 [ "wayfindertarget" => null ]
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 18 Feb 2025 02:57:46 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYyQTNvMTZHVk1UOCs4OFNVWUJGalE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHRRb3BWMUpEZytlZ1BFRWdwVzh4YitVODU1eSs2TEpxa3FaVCtVV2ZJTk85bWlvZHlwYUFDaFd6MFlwTjhsTGZMWmg1YWRJU01iM1BaK1NWUEE4QUhtYVZPbXFsc1lMbDBmU1IxY0pLdXE5TDFTQkx1UnArUjJiNFpKYXFaK0MiLCJtYWMiOiI2MWU3MmEwNGRmZTAwODhlMzAyNDMzMzYxYWVhZTdiMGJlZWU0MTA3NTdkMWZkNmIxYjM4MWU1ZDlhYzNhYjNmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20 Feb 2025 14:57:46 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYyQTNvMTZHVk1UOCs4OFNVWUJGalE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHRRb3BWMUpEZytlZ1BFRWdwVzh4YitVODU1eSs2TEpxa3FaVCtVV2ZJTk85bWlvZHlwYUFDaFd6MFlwTjhsTGZMWmg1Y" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InBSODBvaUNsRGZkS1hXS29OQnZDQkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFR0Zlc5Z3VOOHRxblZjS2JmcCs2Ykh4OG5TbDZnWm5pSFduVDMvTnBHY0pnc2ZTeDZxQW9BOHUzV1IrbGtjckpsTm80OVlUazZnYlZoSk1RZHhoSVNyQnZIUU5BQnhnMVU3aVVhZlFWQWFwNzVvQnhHeWxqTkFrWDNGRWlWejUiLCJtYWMiOiI0OTkwYTM2NjZiYzliODc1MzljOTNkY2ZlZjQ0ZmNkMTY3ZjMzOTI5ZGIwMjkzMTdmOGI5YmNmYmYwOWI0MzlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InBSODBvaUNsRGZkS1hXS29OQnZDQkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFR0Zlc5Z3VOOHRxblZjS2JmcCs2Ykh4OG5TbDZnWm5pSFduVDMvTnBHY0pnc2ZTeDZxQW9BOHU" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYyQTNvMTZHVk1UOCs4OFNVWUJGalE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHRRb3BWMUpEZytlZ1BFRWdwVzh4YitVODU1eSs2TEpxa3FaVCtVV2ZJTk85bWlvZHlwYUFDaFd6MFlwTjhsTGZMWmg1YWRJU01iM1BaK1NWUEE4QUhtYVZPbXFsc1lMbDBmU1IxY0pLdXE5TDFTQkx1UnArUjJiNFpKYXFaK0MiLCJtYWMiOiI2MWU3MmEwNGRmZTAwODhlMzAyNDMzMzYxYWVhZTdiMGJlZWU0MTA3NTdkMWZkNmIxYjM4MWU1ZDlhYzNhYjNmIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 20-Feb-2025 14:57:46 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6InYyQTNvMTZHVk1UOCs4OFNVWUJGalE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoidHRRb3BWMUpEZytlZ1BFRWdwVzh4YitVODU1eSs2TEpxa3FaVCtVV2ZJTk85bWlvZHlwYUFDaFd6MFlwTjhsTGZMWmg1Y" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InBSODBvaUNsRGZkS1hXS29OQnZDQkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFR0Zlc5Z3VOOHRxblZjS2JmcCs2Ykh4OG5TbDZnWm5pSFduVDMvTnBHY0pnc2ZTeDZxQW9BOHUzV1IrbGtjckpsTm80OVlUazZnYlZoSk1RZHhoSVNyQnZIUU5BQnhnMVU3aVVhZlFWQWFwNzVvQnhHeWxqTkFrWDNGRWlWejUiLCJtYWMiOiI0OTkwYTM2NjZiYzliODc1MzljOTNkY2ZlZjQ0ZmNkMTY3ZjMzOTI5ZGIwMjkzMTdmOGI5YmNmYmYwOWI0MzlkIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6InBSODBvaUNsRGZkS1hXS29OQnZDQkE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiSFR0Zlc5Z3VOOHRxblZjS2JmcCs2Ykh4OG5TbDZnWm5pSFduVDMvTnBHY0pnc2ZTeDZxQW9BOHU" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "ijwKx7TvNAJ1s8EOAHEF5vNWyKF7k7qOfiIPpqi1" "uc_cart_id" => "da48e4faa050b967d910537fd059bc96" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/19674" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-18 02:57:46GET/chapter/19674112192