Current and Future Developments in Artificial Intelligence

A Novel Task-Driven Sensor-Management Method in Multi-Object Filters Using Stochastic Geometry

Author(s): Amirali K. Gostar, Reza Hoseinnezhad and Alireza Bab-Hadiashar

Pp: 294-334 (41)

DOI: 10.2174/9781681085029117010013

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Multi-object estimation refers to applications where there are unknown number of objects with unknown states, and the problem is to estimate both the number of objects and their individual state vectors, from observations acquired by sensors. The solution is usually called a multi-object filter. In many modern complex systems, multi-object estimation is one of the most challenging problems to be solved for satisfactory performance of the dedicated tasks by the system. A wide range of practical applications involve multi-object estimation, from multi-target tracking in radar to visual tracking in sport, to cell tracking in biomedicine, to data clustering in big data analytics. In the past decade, a new generation of multi-object filters has been developed and rapidly adopted by researchers in various fields, that is based on using stochastic geometric models and approximations. In such methods, the multi-object entity is treated as a random finite set (RFS) variable (with random variations in its cardinality and elements), and the stochastic geometric-based notions of density and integration, developed in the new theory of finite set statistics (FISST), are used to formulate Bayesian filters for estimation of cardinality (number of objects) and state of the multi-object RFS variable. Examples of such solutions include PHD filter, CPHD filter and the recent trend of multi-Bernoulli filters. In many applications, the observations are acquired through a controlled sensing procedure, either by controlling a mobile sensor (e.g. in radars and visual surveillance) or by selecting a sensor node (e.g. in sensor networks). This chapter reviews the most recent developments in sensor management (control or selection) solutions devised for multi-Bernoulli solutions in various applications. It first presents basics of random set theory and formulation of the cardinality-balanced and labeled multi-Bernoulli filters. The most recent sensor-control and sensor-selection solutions that have been proposed by the authors and other researchers active in the field are then presented and comparative simulation results are discussed.


Keywords: Stochastic Geometry, Random Sets, Point Process, Finite Set Statistics, Multi-Target Tracking, Sensor Management, Sensor Selection, Sensor Control, Multi-Bernoulli Filter, OSPA, PEECS.

Related Journals
Related Books
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version236msRequest Duration26MBMemory UsageGET chapter/{id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[15:33:04] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $id declared before required parameter $request is implic...
  • Booting (146ms)time
  • Application (89.29ms)time
  • 1 x Booting (62.11%)
    146ms
    1 x Application (37.89%)
    89.29ms
    12 templates were rendered
    • ebook.chapter_detailschapter_details.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.chapter_header_sectionchapter_header_section.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_top_bannerchapter_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.chapter_bottom_bannerchapter_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • ebook.ebook_right_bannerebook_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET chapter/{id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ChapterController@GetChapterDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    chapter
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1350-1704
    19 statements were executed33.28ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('309679543','',1,1740497584,1740497584) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740497584
      1.01msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('309679543','/chapter/10811',1,1740497584,1740497584)
      710μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 309679543 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 309679543) limit 1
      23.14msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 309679543
      • 1: 309679543
      • 2: 309679543
      • 3: 309679543
      • 4: 309679543
      • 5: 309679543
      • 6: 309679543
      • 7: 309679543
      • 8: 309679543
      • 9: 309679543
      • 10: 309679543
      • 11: 309679543
      • 12: 309679543
      • 13: 309679543
      • 14: 309679543
      • 15: 309679543
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • select * from `chapter` where `chapter_id` = '10811' limit 1
      300μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1406
      Bindings
      • 0: 10811
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1406
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`chapter_id` = '10811' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      1.15msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 10811
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1411
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `keywords` where `chapter_id` = '10811'
      770μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1415
      Bindings
      • 0: 10811
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1415
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select * from `ebook` where `ebook_id` = 654 limit 1
      210μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ChapterController.php#1430
      Bindings
      • 0: 654
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1430
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=654) and se.ebook_id!=654 and v.ebook_status='1'
      1.03msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `e`.`ebook_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=654) and se.ebook_id!=654 and v.ebook_status='1' limit 10 offset 0
      700μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#238
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:238
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1434
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=654)
      320μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select distinct j.nid as journal_nid,j.title,j.subtitle,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword,sj.journal_id,j.image_file_name,j.flyer_link from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where subject_id IN (select subject_id FROM subject_ebook WHERE ebook_id=654) limit 10 offset 0
      360μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#255
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:255
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1435
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `e`.*, `a`.*, `y`.`year`, `e`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebook_volume_id`, `a`.`ebook_volume_id` as `ebk_vol_id`, `e`.`ebook_id` as `ebk_ebook_id` from `ebook_volume` as `e` left join `author` as `a` on `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = `a`.`ebook_volume_id` left join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `e`.`year_id` where `e`.`ebook_volume_id` = 2251 and `e`.`is_uploaded` = 1
      430μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#271
      Bindings
      • 0: 2251
      • 1: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:271
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1438
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) rcd from `ebook_volume` where `ebook_id` = 654 and ebook_volume_id <> 2251 limit 1
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022EbookVolume.php#999
      Bindings
      • 0: 654
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/EbookVolume.php:999
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1462
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '10811' and content_type = 'c' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1465
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from ebook_access where content_type_id = '2251' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1478
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309679543 and j.to_ip >=309679543 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497585 and j.to_date >= 1740497585 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2251) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309679543 and j.to_ip >=309679543 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497585 and j.to_date >= 1740497585 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2251) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"ebook_volume" as access_level,"" as chapter_id from `user_access_ebook_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309679543 and j.to_ip >=309679543 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497585 and j.to_date >= 1740497585 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 2251)
      580μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1518
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309679543 and j.to_ip >=309679543 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497585 and j.to_date >= 1740497585 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10811) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309679543 and j.to_ip >=309679543 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497585 and j.to_date >= 1740497585 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10811) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"chapter" as access_level, j.chapter_id from `user_access_chapter_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 309679543 and j.to_ip >=309679543 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740497585 and j.to_date >= 1740497585 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.chapter_id = 10811)
      580μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ChapterController.php:1549
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` where `b`.`banner_ebook` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'B' and `bd`.`content_id` = 2251 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740497585 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740497585 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.05msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: B
      • 2: 2251
      • 3: 1740497585
      • 4: 1740497585
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='dd178d039d4ab1859ed23f5ca3058d67'
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\Keywords
    11Keywords.php#?
    App\Models\Chapter
    1Chapter.php#?
    App\Models\Ebook
    1Ebook.php#?
        _token
        DheLH2DzclMOFl984g3jUrsKX3MIPU1OAq8PUyqC
        uc_cart_id
        dd178d039d4ab1859ed23f5ca3058d67
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/10811" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /chapter/10811
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:16 [ "x-https" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] "priority" => array:1 [ 0 => "u=0, i" ] "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate, br, zstd" ] "sec-fetch-dest" => array:1 [ 0 => "document" ] "sec-fetch-user" => array:1 [ 0 => "?1" ] "sec-fetch-mode" => array:1 [ 0 => "navigate" ] "sec-fetch-site" => array:1 [ 0 => "none" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "sec-ch-ua-platform" => array:1 [ 0 => ""Windows"" ] "sec-ch-ua-mobile" => array:1 [ 0 => "?0" ] "sec-ch-ua" => array:1 [ 0 => ""HeadlessChrome";v="129", "Not=A?Brand";v="8", "Chromium";v="129"" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Tue, 25 Feb 2025 15:33:05 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IllIMGZYc3JZaHlsY2ViMFZpaC8vNEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWxuSFlXZWRLSVJJRmQ1cTFLZ3RyczNKSXl1TjQ2NlZtTTZwdVg1OWNnR0kraytpczhpS1JVZ1dVeFdWV01sSHFMeDRxZlNyTU9wc2pYOHFmTFAvTVA2RVlVc3VJbElYZndtYm5sQ3RqMGZiVFVFd3FEaE8zRU1samVPL2xES0ciLCJtYWMiOiI0NGY2YTM3Y2Q2ZDlkNmQyZDk4MzM5ODVjZDM4NGIzZTk0NTNmMTVkMTlmYTJjYWMxNmY3ODkzMWJjMzFkNjMyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28 Feb 2025 03:33:05 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IllIMGZYc3JZaHlsY2ViMFZpaC8vNEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWxuSFlXZWRLSVJJRmQ1cTFLZ3RyczNKSXl1TjQ2NlZtTTZwdVg1OWNnR0kraytpczhpS1JVZ1dVeFdWV01sSHFMeDRxZ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlpjMmtpS2R6LzVpVm1wUS9nZG9vWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieDUxcTlDYjhGaEhBVUMwUDVDbFpWTGd0UU5tRjZWcnI0V2tzYWVGMnFYMzhsa2VQTkRWNnhNSXlSbnFIUW1WUllxSWdRc0VxRXBhOWZqU2RHZHkxVVU4aE92RWRZNThiOHk5YzVkd1VCc1NKNCtFYkhnYkJ4aWJvekk2NktIWkEiLCJtYWMiOiJhY2RjMGM2YzFhYjk2ZjYyYTY4YTIxOGY0YWRiYjczOWRkYWQwMDk1YTk4NjJjMDA0MzM5MjkzYzU5MTAyZjFjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlpjMmtpS2R6LzVpVm1wUS9nZG9vWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieDUxcTlDYjhGaEhBVUMwUDVDbFpWTGd0UU5tRjZWcnI0V2tzYWVGMnFYMzhsa2VQTkRWNnhNSXl" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IllIMGZYc3JZaHlsY2ViMFZpaC8vNEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWxuSFlXZWRLSVJJRmQ1cTFLZ3RyczNKSXl1TjQ2NlZtTTZwdVg1OWNnR0kraytpczhpS1JVZ1dVeFdWV01sSHFMeDRxZlNyTU9wc2pYOHFmTFAvTVA2RVlVc3VJbElYZndtYm5sQ3RqMGZiVFVFd3FEaE8zRU1samVPL2xES0ciLCJtYWMiOiI0NGY2YTM3Y2Q2ZDlkNmQyZDk4MzM5ODVjZDM4NGIzZTk0NTNmMTVkMTlmYTJjYWMxNmY3ODkzMWJjMzFkNjMyIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Fri, 28-Feb-2025 03:33:05 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6IllIMGZYc3JZaHlsY2ViMFZpaC8vNEE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiUWxuSFlXZWRLSVJJRmQ1cTFLZ3RyczNKSXl1TjQ2NlZtTTZwdVg1OWNnR0kraytpczhpS1JVZ1dVeFdWV01sSHFMeDRxZ" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlpjMmtpS2R6LzVpVm1wUS9nZG9vWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieDUxcTlDYjhGaEhBVUMwUDVDbFpWTGd0UU5tRjZWcnI0V2tzYWVGMnFYMzhsa2VQTkRWNnhNSXlSbnFIUW1WUllxSWdRc0VxRXBhOWZqU2RHZHkxVVU4aE92RWRZNThiOHk5YzVkd1VCc1NKNCtFYkhnYkJ4aWJvekk2NktIWkEiLCJtYWMiOiJhY2RjMGM2YzFhYjk2ZjYyYTY4YTIxOGY0YWRiYjczOWRkYWQwMDk1YTk4NjJjMDA0MzM5MjkzYzU5MTAyZjFjIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6IlpjMmtpS2R6LzVpVm1wUS9nZG9vWWc9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoieDUxcTlDYjhGaEhBVUMwUDVDbFpWTGd0UU5tRjZWcnI0V2tzYWVGMnFYMzhsa2VQTkRWNnhNSXl" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "DheLH2DzclMOFl984g3jUrsKX3MIPU1OAq8PUyqC" "uc_cart_id" => "dd178d039d4ab1859ed23f5ca3058d67" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "https://alpha.eurekaselect.com/chapter/10811" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-25 15:33:05GET/chapter/108111121913