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Current Vascular Pharmacology

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ISSN (Print): 1570-1611
ISSN (Online): 1875-6212

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General Review Article

Paraoxonase-1: Characteristics and Role in Atherosclerosis and Carotid Artery Disease

Author(s): S. Lioudaki*, C. Verikokos, G. Kouraklis, C. Ioannou, E. Chatziioannou, D. Perrea and C. Klonaris

Volume 17, Issue 2, 2019

Page: [141 - 146] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1570161115666171129212359

Price: $65

Abstract

Paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) is a calcium-dependent enzyme that is synthesized in the liver and then secreted in blood where it is bound to high density lipoprotein (HDL). PON-1 is a hydrolase with a wide range of substrates, including lipid peroxides. It is considered responsible for many of the antiatherogenic properties of HDL. PON-1 prevents low density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation, a process that is considered to contribute to the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. PON-1 activity and levels are influenced by gene polymorphisms; of the 2 common variants, one is in position 192 (Q192R) and one in position 55 (M55L). Also, many drugs affect PON-1 activity. The role of PON-1 in carotid atherosclerosis is inconsistent. Some studies show an association of PON-1 polymorphisms with carotid plaque formation, whereas others do not. The aim of this review is to summarize the characteristics of PON-1, its interactions with drugs and its role in atherosclerosis and especially its relationship with carotid artery disease.

Keywords: Paraoxonase, polymorphisms, atherosclerosis, carotid, oxidative stress, drugs.

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Graphical Abstract

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