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Review Article

抗真菌药物及其对念珠菌的耐药机制

卷 23, 期 2, 2022

发表于: 19 July, 2021

页: [116 - 125] 页: 10

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450122666210719124143

价格: $65

摘要

近几十年来，真菌感染呈上升趋势，这主要是因为免疫功能低下的患者越来越多，而侵袭性念珠菌病的发生率已被发现是侵袭性曲霉菌病的 7-15 倍。念珠菌属包括 150 多个不同的物种，然而，其中只有少数被发现对人类具有致病性。发现念珠菌的死亡率约为 45%，死亡率升高的原因是诊断技术效率低下和初始治疗策略不合适。只有少数几种抗真菌药物可用于治疗侵袭性真菌感染。其中包括唑类、多烯类、棘白菌素和嘧啶类似物。在过去的 2-3 年中，抗真菌药物的使用量增加了数倍，因此也记录了抗真菌药物耐药性不断升级的报道。抗性主要针对基于三唑的化合物。由于抗真菌药物耐药性的发生，治疗成功率降低，真菌感染频率也发生了重大变化。在这篇综述中，我们总结了抗真菌药物耐药性发展的主要分子机制。

关键词: 念珠菌血症、医院感染、唑类耐药、多烯耐药、棘白菌素耐药、抗真菌药物

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