Abstract
Hemoglobins are dioxygen transport proteins, which are universally present in higher vertebrates as a tetrameric protein. Recently there has been much interest in mutations and posttranslational modifications to hemoglobins as these may be directly implicated in disease states like thalassemia and diabetes mellitius. The analysis of covalent adducts to hemoglobin provides information on the extent of exposure to many carcinogenic compounds. Studies of the assembly of hemoglobins from mammalian sources are being pursued for their clinical use as blood transfusion products. Over the past several years, numerous developments in mass spectrometry (MS) methods and instrumentation have revolutionized the analysis of proteins from their primary sequences to the quaternary structures of large oligomeric complexes. This review provides a summary of the uses of mass spectrometry in the analysis of hemoglobins, in particular, tetrameric hemoglobins. It presents some results of novel mass spectrometric studies on hemoglobins on all levels of protein structure and assembly, and interaction with other biomolecules. Full and partial sequencing by MS in the analysis of hemoglobin mutations, posttranslational modifications and chemical modifications; analyses of hemoglobin structures, dynamics and assembly; and analyses of hemoglobin interactions with other biomolecules of clinical importance are discussed. The review will conclude with a discussion of the utility of MS techniques in hemoglobin analyses, where the field is headed, and possible areas for improvement.
Keywords: Thalassemias, Ion Cyclotron Resonance (ICR), glycosylated hemoglobin, protein glycation, Myoglobin
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
Related Books
Advances in Organic Synthesis
The Synthetic Methods, Structures, and Properties of the Ca-C σ Bond Organocalcium Containing Compounds
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Chemistry of Bipyrazoles: Synthesis and Applications
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advanced Nanocatalysis for Organic Synthesis and Electroanalysis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
Advances in Organic Synthesis
2