Dietary Polyphenols and Mitochondrial Function: Role in Health and Disease

José       Teixeira; Daniel       Chavarria; Fernanda       Borges; Lech       Wojtczak; Mariusz    R.    Wieckowski; Agnieszka       Karkucinska-Wieckowska; Paulo    J.    Oliveira
doi:10.2174/0929867324666170529101810
Abstract

Mitochondria are cytoplasmic double-membraned organelles that are involved in a myriad of key cellular regulatory processes. The loss of mitochondrial function is related to the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Over the last decades, an increasing number of studies have shown that dietary polyphenols can regulate mitochondrial redox status, and in some cases, prevent or delay disease progression. This paper aims to review the role of four dietary polyphenols – resveratrol, curcumin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate nd quercetin – in molecular pathways regulated by mitochondria and their potential impact on human health. Cumulative evidence showed that the aforementioned polyphenols improve mitochondrial functions in different in vitro and in vivo experiments. The mechanisms underlying the polyphenols’ beneficial effects include, among others, the attenuation of oxidative stress, the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and biogenesis and the modulation of cell-death signaling cascades, among other mitochondrial-independent effects. The understanding of the chemicalbiological interactions of dietary polyphenols, namely with mitochondria, may have a huge impact on the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction-related disorders.
Keywords: Mitochondria, dietary polyphenols, oxidative stress, outer mitochondrial membrane, reactive oxygen species, electron transport chain.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170529101810	Print ISSN 0929-8673
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-533X
Current Medicinal Chemistry

Dietary Polyphenols and Mitochondrial Function: Role in Health and Disease

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