Abstract
Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus afflicts millions of people worldwide and is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Current therapeutic agents to treat Type 2 diabetes are insufficient and thus, newer approaches are desperately needed. Type 2 diabetes is manifested by progressive metabolic impairments in tissues such as skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver, such that these tissues become less responsive to insulin. Skeletal muscle is quantitatively the most important tissue involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis under insulin-stimulated conditions, and is a major site of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetic patients. At the cellular level, glucose transport into skeletal muscle is the rate-limiting step for whole body glucose uptake and a primary site of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes. Thus, skeletal muscle is a key insulin target tissue that harbours intrinsic defects that impinges upon whole body glucose homeostasis. Here, we review the current knowledge of signalling events that regulate glucose transport in human skeletal muscle.
Keywords: adipose tissue, glucose transport, insulin resistance, insulin signalling, obesity, skeletal muscle, type (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title: Molecular Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes
Volume: 1 Issue: 2
Author(s): Karim Bouzakri, Heikki A. Koistinen and Juleen R. Zierath
Affiliation:
Keywords: adipose tissue, glucose transport, insulin resistance, insulin signalling, obesity, skeletal muscle, type (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus
Abstract: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus afflicts millions of people worldwide and is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Current therapeutic agents to treat Type 2 diabetes are insufficient and thus, newer approaches are desperately needed. Type 2 diabetes is manifested by progressive metabolic impairments in tissues such as skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver, such that these tissues become less responsive to insulin. Skeletal muscle is quantitatively the most important tissue involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis under insulin-stimulated conditions, and is a major site of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetic patients. At the cellular level, glucose transport into skeletal muscle is the rate-limiting step for whole body glucose uptake and a primary site of insulin resistance in Type 2 diabetes. Thus, skeletal muscle is a key insulin target tissue that harbours intrinsic defects that impinges upon whole body glucose homeostasis. Here, we review the current knowledge of signalling events that regulate glucose transport in human skeletal muscle.
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Cite this article as:
Bouzakri Karim, Koistinen A. Heikki and Zierath R. Juleen, Molecular Mechanisms of Skeletal Muscle Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes, Current Diabetes Reviews 2005; 1 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399054022785
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399054022785 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
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