Abstract
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains a major cause of morbidity. Despite advances in revascularisation procedures and medical treatment, limb salvage and relief of pain are still not satisfactory in patients with severe disease. This has prompted the exploration of alternative modes of treatment including enhancement of new vessel formation (angiogenesis). Angiogenic Growth Factors (AGF), mainly Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) and Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) have emerged as exciting therapeutic modalities. Both experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that topical (mainly intramuscular) AGF gene therapy results in improved peripheral vasculature and alleviation of symptoms. However, most clinical work is limited to small patient series and the long-term safety and efficacy are still unclear. Clinical benefit must be balanced against potential untoward effects, such as tumour growth and atherosclerotic plaque angiogenesis leading to plaque instability. VEGF is important in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease. Further studies are required before implementation of AGF therapy in clinical practice.
Keywords: Angiogenesis, growth factors, peripheral arterial disease, vascular endothelial growth factor
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Angiogenic Growth Factors in the Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Volume: 5 Issue: 3
Author(s): Dimitrios Mikroulis, Nikolaos Papanas, Efstratios Maltezos and Georgios Bougioukas
Affiliation:
Keywords: Angiogenesis, growth factors, peripheral arterial disease, vascular endothelial growth factor
Abstract: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) remains a major cause of morbidity. Despite advances in revascularisation procedures and medical treatment, limb salvage and relief of pain are still not satisfactory in patients with severe disease. This has prompted the exploration of alternative modes of treatment including enhancement of new vessel formation (angiogenesis). Angiogenic Growth Factors (AGF), mainly Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) and Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF) have emerged as exciting therapeutic modalities. Both experimental and clinical studies have demonstrated that topical (mainly intramuscular) AGF gene therapy results in improved peripheral vasculature and alleviation of symptoms. However, most clinical work is limited to small patient series and the long-term safety and efficacy are still unclear. Clinical benefit must be balanced against potential untoward effects, such as tumour growth and atherosclerotic plaque angiogenesis leading to plaque instability. VEGF is important in the pathogenesis of diabetic microvascular disease. Further studies are required before implementation of AGF therapy in clinical practice.
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Dimitrios Mikroulis , Nikolaos Papanas , Efstratios Maltezos and Georgios Bougioukas , Angiogenic Growth Factors in the Treatment of Peripheral Arterial Disease, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2007; 5 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016107781024136
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016107781024136 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
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Cardiovascular disease still remains the leading cause of death in Chronic and End Stage Kidney Disease, accounting for more than half of all deaths in dialysis patients. During the past decade, research has been focused on novel therapeutic agents that might delay or even reverse cardiovascular disease and vascular calcification, ...read more
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