Review Article

Combination Therapy as a Strategy to Control Infections Caused by Multi-resistant Bacteria: Current Review

Author(s): Patricia Hernandez-Rodriguez* and Ludy P. Baquero

Volume 23, Issue 3, 2022

Published on: 14 June, 2021

Page: [260 - 265] Pages: 6

DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666210614122352

Price: $65

Abstract

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is one of the main challenges of today's medicine because it has become a global problem that affects the treatment of multiple infections and impacts public health. This resistance is caused as the bacteria generate selective pressure-promoting mechanisms to evade the action of conventional drugs, which are also associated with adverse effects. Infections caused by these multi-resistant bacteria potentially reduce the possibility of effective therapy; this situation increases morbidity and mortality and treatment costs. Therefore, to establish combined therapy as a strategy for the control of infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria, a bibliographic search was carried out between 2015 and 2020 in databases such as PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct. The exhaustive review of the articles allowed a critical analysis of the information. Mechanisms were identified for obtaining drugs with antimicrobial potential, their biological activity and the possible effect of their combination against multidrug-resistant bacteria as an alternative for infectious disease control and as a response to reduce the use of antibiotics. Combined therapy is presented as an innovative therapeutic alternative, which uses non-antibiotic substances that can be obtained by three routes: the repositioning of drugs, synthetic substances and natural products. In this way, important elements are provided to guide researches that seek to reduce antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords: Antimicrobial resistance, infectious disease, drug combination, natural products, combined therapy, Synergisticeffects.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Karine de Sousa A, Rocha JE, Gonçalves de Souza T, Sampaio de Freitas T, Ribeiro-Filho J, Melo Coutinho HD. New roles of fluoxetine in pharmacology: Antibacterial effect and modulation of antibiotic activity. Microb Pathog 2018; 123: 368-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.07.040] [PMID: 30056107]
[2]
Nørgaard SM, Jensen CS, Aalestrup J, Vandenbroucke-Grauls CMJE, de Boer MGJ, Pedersen AB. Choice of therapeutic interventions and outcomes for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens: a systematic review. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2019; 8: 170.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13756-019-0624-1] [PMID: 31709047]
[3]
Mikhail S, Singh NB, Kebriaei R, et al. Evaluation of the synergy of ceftazidime-avibactam in combination with meropenem, amikacin, aztreonam, colistin, or fosfomycin against well-characterized multidrug-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae and pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2019; 63(8): e00779-819.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00779-19] [PMID: 31182535]
[4]
Djeussi DE, Noumedem JAK, Ngadjui BT, Kuete V. Antibacterial and antibiotic-modulation activity of six Cameroonian medicinal plants against Gram-negative multi-drug resistant phenotypes. BMC Complement Altern Med 2016; 16: 124.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12906-016-1105-1] [PMID: 27142515]
[5]
Ibrahim YM, Abouwarda AM, Nasr T, Omar FA, Bondock S. Antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing activities of a substituted thiazole derivative against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other multidrug-resistant bacteria. Microb Pathog 2020; 149: 104500.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104500] [PMID: 32926996]
[6]
Bezerra CF, Camilo CJ, do Nascimento Silva MK, de Freitas TS, Ribeiro-Filho J, Coutinho HDM. Vanillin selectively modulates the action of antibiotics against resistant bacteria. Microb Pathog 2017; 113: 265-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2017.10.052] [PMID: 29107747]
[7]
Schmid A, Wolfensberger A, Nemeth J, Schreiber PW, Sax H, Kuster SP. Monotherapy versus combination therapy for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9(1): 15290.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-51711-x]
[8]
Valcourt C, Saulnier P, Umerska A, et al. Synergistic interactions between doxycycline and terpenic components of essential oils encapsulated within lipid nanocapsules against gram negative bacteria. Int J Pharm 2016; 498(1-2): 23-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.11.042] [PMID: 26631640]
[9]
Oliveira MTA, Teixeira AMR, Cassiano CJM, et al. Modulation of the antibiotic activity against multidrug resistant strains of 4-(phenylsulfonyl) morpholine. Saudi J Biol Sci 2016; 23(1): 34-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.02.001] [PMID: 26858536]
[10]
Luiz De Sousa Júnior D, Patrícia P, Cordeiro M, De Sousa Silveira Z, Macêdo NS, Boligon AA. Phytochemical profile of leaves extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss and toxicity against Drosophila melanogaster 2018; Vol. 2 Available from: http://sciforum.net/conference/mol2net-02/wrsamc
[11]
Rao T, Tan Z, Peng J, et al. The pharmacogenetics of natural products: A pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic perspective. Pharmacol Res 2019; 146: 104283.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104283] [PMID: 31129178]
[12]
Thomford NE, Senthebane DA, Rowe A, et al. Natural products for drug discovery in the 21st century: Innovations for novel drug discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19(6): 1578.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19061578] [PMID: 29799486]
[13]
Vandevelde NM, Tulkens PM, Van Bambeke F. Modulating antibiotic activity towards respiratory bacterial pathogens by co-medications: a multi-target approach. Drug Discov Today 2016; 21(7): 1114-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2016.04.001] [PMID: 27094105]
[14]
Gómez-Junyent J, Benavent E, Sierra Y, et al. Efficacy of ceftolozane/tazobactam, alone and in combination with colistin, against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an in vitro biofilm pharmacodynamic model. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2019; 53(5): 612-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.01.010] [PMID: 30682497]
[15]
Horcajada JP, Montero M, Oliver A, et al. Epidemiology and treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Clin Microbiol Rev 2019; 32(4): e00031-19.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00031-19] [PMID: 31462403]
[16]
Morais-Braga MFB, Sales DL, dos Santos Silva F, Chaves TP, de Carvalho Nilo Bitu V, Avilez WMT. Psidium guajava L. and Psidium brownianum Mart ex DC. potentiate the effect of antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Eur J Integr Med 2016; 8(5): 683-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2016.07.001]
[17]
Gelmini F, Belotti L, Vecchi S, Testa C, Beretta G. Air dispersed essential oils combined with standard sanitization procedures for environmental microbiota control in nosocomial hospitalization rooms. Complement Ther Med 2016; 25: 113-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ctim.2016.02.004] [PMID: 27062958]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2025 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy
Request history8.2.27PHP Version333msRequest Duration28MBMemory UsageGET article/{article_id}/{param?}Route
  • warninglog[18:02:27] LOG.warning: Optional parameter $article_id declared before required parameter $request i...
  • warninglog[18:02:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • warninglog[18:02:27] LOG.warning: trim(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($string) of type string is deprecated ...
  • warninglog[18:02:27] LOG.warning: Function strftime() is deprecated in /home/alphaeurekaselec/public_html/stor...
  • Booting (97.77ms)time
  • Application (235ms)time
  • 1 x Application (70.62%)
    235ms
    1 x Booting (29.38%)
    97.77ms
    14 templates were rendered
    • articlearticle.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_top_bannerarticle_top_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_referencearticle_reference.blade.php#?blade
    • export_citation_formexport_citation_form.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.article_bottom_bannerarticle_bottom_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_journalsinc_related_journals.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.inc_related_ebooksinc_related_ebooks.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_rightmenujournal_rightmenu.blade.php#?blade
    • includes.journal_right_bannerjournal_right_banner.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts.appapp.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._login_access_login_access.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._header_header.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._main_menu_main_menu.blade.php#?blade
    • layouts._footer_menu_footer_menu.blade.php#?blade
    uri
    GET article/{article_id}/{param?}
    middleware
    web, check_user_access
    controller
    App\Http\Controllers\ArticleController@GetArticleDetails
    namespace
    App\Http\Controllers
    where
    as
    article
    file
    app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:1974-2510
    37 statements were executed, 4 of which were duplicates, 33 unique. Show only duplicated149ms
    • Connection Establishedalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 9. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 10. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 11. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address (ip_address,visitor_agent,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('58768607','',1,1740420147,1740420147) ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE visitor_count=visitor_count + 1, updated_on=1740420147
      1.02msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#24
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:24
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • INSERT INTO visitor_ip_address_detail (ip_address,visitor_url,visitor_count, created_on,updated_on) VALUES ('58768607','/article/116142',1,1740420147,1740420147)
      1.01msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccessCheck.php#27
      Backtrace
      • 11. middleware::check_user_access:27
      • 12. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Foundation/Http/Middleware/VerifyCsrfToken.php:88
    • (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_journal_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_ebook_volume_token WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_issue_token WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_article_token WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_trail WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_chapter_token WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) union (select `user_id`, `to_ip`, `from_ip` from (select user_id, to_ip, from_ip FROM user_access_disease_corporate WHERE to_ip >= 58768607 ORDER BY to_ip ASC LIMIT 1) as `tjv` where `from_ip` <= 58768607) limit 1
      11.91msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#784
      Bindings
      • 0: 58768607
      • 1: 58768607
      • 2: 58768607
      • 3: 58768607
      • 4: 58768607
      • 5: 58768607
      • 6: 58768607
      • 7: 58768607
      • 8: 58768607
      • 9: 58768607
      • 10: 58768607
      • 11: 58768607
      • 12: 58768607
      • 13: 58768607
      • 14: 58768607
      • 15: 58768607
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:784
      • 15. middleware::check_user_access:114
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Middleware/SubstituteBindings.php:50
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Pipeline/Pipeline.php:183
    • SELECT at.type_name, p.copyright, p.publisher_location,m.month,y.year, a.publish_on, a.nid article_nid,a.article_id, a.pmid, a.issue_id, a.title, a.abstract,a.podcast,a.altmetric_score,a.altmetric_url,a.kudos_url, a.page_count, a.first_page, a.elocator, a.last_page, i.publication_date, a.file_name, a.file_path, a.doi, a.is_epub,a.epub_type, a.volume_id, a.is_uploaded, a.editor_choice, a.is_epub, j.image_file_name, a.article_no, a.art_type AS article_type, a.supplementary_filename,a.html_filename,a.prc_filename,a.epub_filename, a.graph_abs_lg_filename, a.graph_abs_sm_filename, a.oa_image_lg_filename, a.oa_image_sm_filename, j.journal_banner,a.animated_abstract,a.erratum_in,a.erratum_for, (CASE WHEN a.issue_id =0 THEN j.epub_price ELSE j.price END) AS sell_price, j.epub_price, j.nid AS jour_nid, j.title AS journal_title, j.issn, j.eissn,j.journal_id, j.subtitle AS jour_subtitle, v.volume_id,v.volume_name AS volume, v.year_id, i.title AS issue, i.month_id ,i.type issue_type, j.subtitle,j.formerly_title, ac.subtitle AS epub_title,a.crossmark_enabled,a.text_mining_urls,a.license_urls,a.created, a.receivedate, a.revisedate, a.acceptdate,js.js_title FROM article a LEFT JOIN article_section ac ON a.is_epub = ac.art_sec_id LEFT JOIN journal_section js ON a.js_id = js.js_id LEFT JOIN article_type at ON a.art_type = at.art_type_id LEFT JOIN issue i ON a.issue_id = i.issue_id LEFT JOIN month m ON m.id = i.month_id LEFT JOIN volume v ON v.volume_id = a.volume_id INNER JOIN year y ON y.id = v.year_id INNER JOIN journal j ON j.journal_id = a.journal_id INNER JOIN publisher p ON p.publisher_id = j.publisher_id WHERE a.article_id=116142
      680μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#408
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:408
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2515
      • 13. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `journal` where `journal_id` = 13 limit 1
      830μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Journal.php#64
      Bindings
      • 0: 13
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Journal.php:64
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2516
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and sj.journal_id!=13 group by `j`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select j.nid as journal_nid,j.flyer_link,j.title ,j.issn,j.eissn,j.keyword, j.journal_id as journal_id, j.subtitle, j.image_file_name,j.description,j.journal_insight_url,j.doi from `subject_journal` as `sj` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `sj`.`journal_id` where j.journal_status=1 and subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and sj.journal_id!=13 group by `j`.`nid` order by `j`.`journal_id` asc limit 10 offset 0
      840μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#200
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:200
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2517
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select count(*) as aggregate from (select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid`) as `aggregate_table`
      1.29msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 17. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 18. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select v.nid as volume_id,e.nid,e.title,v.issn,v.eissn,v.isbn,v.eisbn,e.ebook_id, v.image_file_name,v.file_path,v.flyer_link,v.ebook_volume_id, v.volume_name,v.doi,v.year_id,v.introduction from `subject_ebook` as `se` inner join `ebook` as `e` on `e`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `ebook_volume` as `v` on `v`.`ebook_id` = `se`.`ebook_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `y`.`id` = `v`.`year_id` where subject_id IN (SELECT subject_id FROM subject_journal WHERE journal_id=13) and v.ebook_status='1' and y.year > 2020 group by `v`.`nid` order by `v`.`ebook_volume_id` desc limit 10 offset 0
      1.1msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Subject.php#220
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Subject.php:220
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2518
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `keywords` where `article_id` = '116142'
      1.96msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Keywords.php#43
      Bindings
      • 0: 116142
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Keywords.php:43
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2519
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select * from `article_citation` where `article_id` = '116142'
      4.34msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1570
      Bindings
      • 0: 116142
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1570
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2520
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.last_name) as authors, CONCAT(au.last_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), ' ', au.first_name) AS authorsRIS, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.last_name, ' ', ifnull(au.initials,''), ' ', au.first_name) as authorsCiteAs, CONCAT_WS(' ',au.first_name, IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.initials), ''), IFNULL(CONCAT(' ', au.last_name), '')) as authorsmodal , `au`.*, `af`.`ror_id`, `af`.`institution`, `af`.`department`, `af`.`country`, `af`.`city`, `af`.`address`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.institution,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.department,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.address,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.city,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.country,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.postal_code,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.phone,','),''), ifnull(concat(af.fax,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `author_affiliation`, (GROUP_CONCAT(TRIM(BOTH ', ' FROM CONCAT(ifnull(concat(af.web_view,','),''))) SEPARATOR '|')) as `web_view` from `author` as `au` left join `author_affiliation` as `af` on `au`.`author_id` = `af`.`author_id` where `au`.`article_id` = '116142' group by `au`.`author_id` order by `au`.`article_id` asc, `au`.`sequence` asc
      3.23msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Author.php#86
      Bindings
      • 0: 116142
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Author.php:86
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2533
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2535
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2035
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
    • select `subtitle` from `journal` where `continues_publication_journal` = 1
      470μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1960
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:1960
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2062
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • Select j.subtitle, v.volume_id as volume_id,v.year_id,y.year as year,v.volume_name, v.total_no_of_issues, i.issue_id as issue_id,i.title as issue, i.publication_date as issue_pub_date from journal j join volume v on j.journal_id = v.journal_id join issue i on v.volume_id = i.volume_id join article a on a.issue_id = i.issue_id join year y on v.year_id = y.id where j.journal_id = 13 and i.is_uploaded = 1 order by v.volume_name+0 desc, i.title+0 desc limit 1
      35.64msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Issue.php#298
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Issue.php:298
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2068
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 1 and a.journal_id = 13 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      11.46msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2070
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid,a.publish_on, a.pmid,a.article_id,a.doi,j.journal_id,j.subtitle,v.volume_name,a.volume_id as volume_id, a.issue_id,a.title,first_page, last_page, page_count,abstract,ifnull(is_abstract,"y"),asec.title as article_section,at.type_name as article_type_name, a.article_id as ArticleID ,is_epub,epub_price,epub_type,a.created, y.year from `article` as `a` left join `article_section` as `asec` on `asec`.`art_sec_id` = `a`.`is_epub` left join `article_type` as `at` on `at`.`art_type_id` = `a`.`art_type` left join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `a`.`journal_id` inner join `volume` as `v` on `a`.`volume_id` = `v`.`volume_id` inner join `year` as `y` on `v`.`year_id` = `y`.`id` where a.article_status != "W" and a.is_epub = 4 and a.journal_id = 13 and a.is_uploaded = 1 group by `a`.`article_id` order by `a`.`publish_on` desc
      11.48msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#528
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:528
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2071
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select pdf, html, epub, prc from `article_metrics` where `article_id` = 116142 limit 1
      270μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#744
      Bindings
      • 0: 116142
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:744
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2091
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from content_by_diseases where content_id = 116142 and content_type = 'article' order by status desc limit 1
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#751
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:751
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2094
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select a.nid article_nid,a.title article_title,j.title journal_title from content_by_diseases cd inner join article a on a.article_id=cd.content_id inner join journal j on j.journal_id=a.journal_id where cd.pid = 295 and cd.sub_disease_id = 607 and content_id!=116142 and cd.content_type = 'article' order by rand() limit 20
      40.19msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#769
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/Article.php:769
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2098
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `node_meta` where `nid` = 194060 limit 1
      790μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Meta.php#30
      Bindings
      • 0: 194060
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Meta.php:30
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2101
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `bo`.* from `bundle_offer` as `bo` where `bo`.`bundle_status` = 'A' order by `bo`.`bundle_id` desc
      220μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022BundleOffer.php#57
      Bindings
      • 0: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/BundleOffer.php:57
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2108
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `tbl_ht_submission` as `h` where `h`.`subtitle` = 'CDT' and (h.proposal_closing_date = 0 OR TO_DAYS(FROM_UNIXTIME(h.proposal_closing_date)) >= TO_DAYS(NOW())) order by `h`.`manuscript` asc
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#2025
      Bindings
      • 0: CDT
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Article.php:2025
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2112
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '116142' and content_type = 'a' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      330μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2186
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '11311' and content_type = 'i' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      260μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2207
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select count(*) as total_count, content_type_access_id as access_type from journal_access where content_type_id = '3250' and content_type = 'v' and ( (from_date <= CURDATE() and to_date >= CURDATE() and perpetual= 0) or (from_date is null and to_date is null and perpetual= 1) )
      250μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ContentAccess.php#647
      Backtrace
      • 11. app/Models/ContentAccess.php:647
      • 12. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2231
      • 13. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 14. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3250) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3250) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"volume" as access_level,"" as issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_journal_volume_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.volume_id = 3250)
      7.76msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2272
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11311) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11311) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"issue" as access_level,j.issue_id,"" as article_id from `user_access_issue_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.issue_id = 11311)
      720μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2297
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Trial Access" as access_base_text, CASE j.type WHEN 111 THEN true ELSE false END as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_trail` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 116142) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Subscribed" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "S" as content_download_type, null as restricted_user_access_key, null as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_corporate` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 116142) union (select j.user_access_id,j.volume_id,j.user_id,j.from_ip,j.to_ip,j.type,j.track,"Token Based Access" as access_base_text, false as terms_popup, "R" as content_download_type, j.uc_id as restricted_user_access_key, "v" as restricted_user_access_type, CASE j.track WHEN 0 THEN false ELSE true END as tracksAccessByVolume,"article" as access_level, j.issue_id, j.article_id from `user_access_article_token` as `j` inner join `user_access_info` as `info` on `j`.`user_access_id` = `info`.`user_access_id` where ((j.from_ip <= 58768607 and j.to_ip >=58768607 )) and ((j.from_date <= 1740420147 and j.to_date >= 1740420147 and j.perpetual= 0) or (j.from_date is null and j.to_date is null and j.perpetual= 1)) and j.article_id = 116142)
      780μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022UserAccess.php#1266
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/UserAccess/UserAccess.php:1266
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2329
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `first_page` < '260' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11311 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) desc limit 1
      550μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1819
      Bindings
      • 0: 260
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1819
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2470
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select * from `article` where `last_page` > '265' and is_uploaded = 1 and issue_id = 11311 order by cast(first_page as SIGNED) asc limit 1
      540μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Article.php#1831
      Bindings
      • 0: 265
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Models/Article.php:1831
      • 15. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2472
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `language_id` from `multilanguage` where `short_code` = 'en'
      240μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2497
      Bindings
      • 0: en
      Backtrace
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2497
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select `source_lang_label`, `target_lang_label` from `multilanguage_labels` where `target_lang_id` = 1
      290μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022MultiLanguage.php#23
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/MultiLanguage.php:23
      • 14. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2498
      • 15. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 16. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
    • select `id` from `multilanguage_article` where `article_id` = 116142 limit 1
      4.01msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022ArticleController.php#2506
      Bindings
      • 0: 116142
      Backtrace
      • 16. app/Http/Controllers/ArticleController.php:2506
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Controller.php:54
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/ControllerDispatcher.php:43
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:260
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Routing/Route.php:206
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 13 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740420147 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740420147 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.24msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 13
      • 3: 1740420147
      • 4: 1740420147
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select b.banner_link, b.banner_name, b.banner_script, b.banner_remarks, b.banner_file_name, b.banner_placement, bd.content_type, bd.content_id from `tbl_banner` as `b` inner join `tbl_banner_detail` as `bd` on `bd`.`banner_id` = `b`.`banner_id` inner join `users` as `u` on `u`.`id` = `b`.`updated_by` inner join `journal` as `j` on `j`.`journal_id` = `bd`.`content_id` where `b`.`banner_journal` = 1 and `bd`.`content_type` = 'J' and `bd`.`content_id` = 13 and `b`.`banner_from_date` <= 1740420147 and `b`.`banner_to_date` >= 1740420147 and `b`.`banner_status` = 'A' order by `b`.`banner_id` desc
      1.11msalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Banner.php#95
      Bindings
      • 0: 1
      • 1: J
      • 2: 13
      • 3: 1740420147
      • 4: 1740420147
      • 5: A
      Backtrace
      • 13. app/Models/Banner.php:95
      • 14. app/Http/helpers.php:404
      • 17. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    • select count(*) as aggregate from `uc_cart_products` where cart_id='6ffb8aef46706c56230aae5a463b3f78'
      230μsalphaeurekaselec_live_10_06_2022Cart.php#271
      Backtrace
      • 15. app/Models/Cart.php:271
      • 16. view::layouts._header:260
      • 18. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/Filesystem/Filesystem.php:124
      • 19. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/PhpEngine.php:58
      • 20. vendor/laravel/framework/src/Illuminate/View/Engines/CompilerEngine.php:73
    App\Models\MultiLanguage
    1MultiLanguage.php#?
    App\Models\MultiLangArticle
    1MultiLangArticle.php#?
        _token
        ar4vkRX8nIwrFqHRUiDJRO2AhFduLNn4DUWPvC3Y
        uc_cart_id
        6ffb8aef46706c56230aae5a463b3f78
        _previous
        array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/116142" ]
        _flash
        array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ]
        PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA
        []
        path_info
        /article/116142
        status_code
        200
        
        status_text
        OK
        format
        html
        content_type
        text/html; charset=UTF-8
        request_query
        []
        
        request_request
        []
        
        request_headers
        0 of 0
        array:8 [ "accept-encoding" => array:1 [ 0 => "gzip, deflate" ] "accept" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.7" ] "user-agent" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)" ] "upgrade-insecure-requests" => array:1 [ 0 => "1" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "pragma" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache" ] "connection" => array:1 [ 0 => "keep-alive" ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => "alpha.eurekaselect.com" ] ]
        request_cookies
        []
        
        response_headers
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "content-type" => array:1 [ 0 => "text/html; charset=UTF-8" ] "cache-control" => array:1 [ 0 => "no-cache, private" ] "date" => array:1 [ 0 => "Mon, 24 Feb 2025 18:02:27 GMT" ] "set-cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImlxSFdJajdXN0UzazFHazBaMHlNL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMkNGSERlQXRxcHpORlVRYkpnZis0ZVZnczNmRk5mNmFLMGkvZVVIVFFRd3F2RllDQVJLSnpRejllRTB2QUJvbjJEYmErNUl4czRFYVdQTy8ySXZzeFc0SW9XS3c3L3F5QXg5L3VzKzlMMlhEckwyd3NXNnllSlNNMXJFVkVwbmsiLCJtYWMiOiI4ZGFlZmI3YWIzNmJmMjYwNGY2ZTU4ZmM1OThhOWZjZmNkOTQxOWI5OWVlNTc3ZDc1MDg0YmZlMzRmNjhmYjkwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27 Feb 2025 06:02:27 GMT; Max-Age=216000; path=/; secure; samesite=laxXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImlxSFdJajdXN0UzazFHazBaMHlNL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMkNGSERlQXRxcHpORlVRYkpnZis0ZVZnczNmRk5mNmFLMGkvZVVIVFFRd3F2RllDQVJLSnpRejllRTB2QUJvbjJEYmErN" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilp4WUNaNkFicHlIU0dmMklFVFd4dVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVUwaWtMMTNVRkRkeWdaMnZRZU0xMzd6TlhwUDNWUjlncHU4Qm9ldFFaOXVzR05oMkxRbGQ3ZDRlL3RtNDNCbDd3bFVGOTZlUk9uNXlDQjAwYjZkNUlORDN3RHBUUkRQM0lOZjgzR0p2QkxBNjRUR0wzODlObU0zR2I0aFVvVDgiLCJtYWMiOiJkYTdlOTEzYTkwMWY1NzBmZGYxM2E1OGM0Y2FjNTYwY2I4Yjg1ZmM5MWIwMTdkZWU1MWQwYjBkM2JhNWY1YTdiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponly; samesite=laxalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilp4WUNaNkFicHlIU0dmMklFVFd4dVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVUwaWtMMTNVRkRkeWdaMnZRZU0xMzd6TlhwUDNWUjlncHU4Qm9ldFFaOXVzR05oMkxRbGQ3ZDR" ] "Set-Cookie" => array:2 [ 0 => "XSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImlxSFdJajdXN0UzazFHazBaMHlNL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMkNGSERlQXRxcHpORlVRYkpnZis0ZVZnczNmRk5mNmFLMGkvZVVIVFFRd3F2RllDQVJLSnpRejllRTB2QUJvbjJEYmErNUl4czRFYVdQTy8ySXZzeFc0SW9XS3c3L3F5QXg5L3VzKzlMMlhEckwyd3NXNnllSlNNMXJFVkVwbmsiLCJtYWMiOiI4ZGFlZmI3YWIzNmJmMjYwNGY2ZTU4ZmM1OThhOWZjZmNkOTQxOWI5OWVlNTc3ZDc1MDg0YmZlMzRmNjhmYjkwIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; expires=Thu, 27-Feb-2025 06:02:27 GMT; path=/; secureXSRF-TOKEN=eyJpdiI6ImlxSFdJajdXN0UzazFHazBaMHlNL1E9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiMkNGSERlQXRxcHpORlVRYkpnZis0ZVZnczNmRk5mNmFLMGkvZVVIVFFRd3F2RllDQVJLSnpRejllRTB2QUJvbjJEYmErN" 1 => "alphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilp4WUNaNkFicHlIU0dmMklFVFd4dVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVUwaWtMMTNVRkRkeWdaMnZRZU0xMzd6TlhwUDNWUjlncHU4Qm9ldFFaOXVzR05oMkxRbGQ3ZDRlL3RtNDNCbDd3bFVGOTZlUk9uNXlDQjAwYjZkNUlORDN3RHBUUkRQM0lOZjgzR0p2QkxBNjRUR0wzODlObU0zR2I0aFVvVDgiLCJtYWMiOiJkYTdlOTEzYTkwMWY1NzBmZGYxM2E1OGM0Y2FjNTYwY2I4Yjg1ZmM5MWIwMTdkZWU1MWQwYjBkM2JhNWY1YTdiIiwidGFnIjoiIn0%3D; path=/; secure; httponlyalphaeurekaselectnet_session=eyJpdiI6Ilp4WUNaNkFicHlIU0dmMklFVFd4dVE9PSIsInZhbHVlIjoiYVUwaWtMMTNVRkRkeWdaMnZRZU0xMzd6TlhwUDNWUjlncHU4Qm9ldFFaOXVzR05oMkxRbGQ3ZDR" ] ]
        session_attributes
        0 of 0
        array:5 [ "_token" => "ar4vkRX8nIwrFqHRUiDJRO2AhFduLNn4DUWPvC3Y" "uc_cart_id" => "6ffb8aef46706c56230aae5a463b3f78" "_previous" => array:1 [ "url" => "http://alpha.eurekaselect.com/article/116142" ] "_flash" => array:2 [ "old" => [] "new" => [] ] "PHPDEBUGBAR_STACK_DATA" => [] ]
        ClearShow all
        Date ↕MethodURLData
        #12025-02-24 18:02:27GET/article/116142414372