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Review Article

针对肠神经元和神经丛炎的管理炎症性肠病

卷 21, 期 14, 2020

页: [1428 - 1439] 页: 12

弟呕挨: 10.2174/1389450121666200516173242

价格: $65

摘要

溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD)是一种病因不明的病理状态，以肠道严重炎症为特征，统称为炎症性肠病(IBD)。目前的治疗大多是无效的，由于其有限的疗效或毒性，必须手术切除受影响的肠。IBD的治疗由于缺乏临床炎症复发的预后标志物而受到阻碍。肠道炎症与免疫细胞(白细胞)浸润肠神经系统(ENS)的神经神经节有关，称为神经丛炎或神经节炎。未受影响的肠区丛状炎的组织学观察正在成为IBD复发的重要预测指标。神经丛炎与肠内神经元的结构、细胞组成、分子表达和电生理功能的改变有关。此外，神经丛炎常发生在临床大炎症发作之前，这可能表明神经丛炎可促进肠道炎症的进展。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论ENS与炎症之间的双边关系。这些包括炎症诱导的肠神经元丧失和可塑性的作用和机制。此外，肠内神经元在预防抗原/致病性损伤和免疫调节中的作用也被探讨。虽然目前所有的治疗都针对IBD的炎症病理，但保护ENS的干预可能为治疗干预提供了另一种途径。

关键词: 肠神经系统，炎症性肠病，克罗恩病，溃疡性结肠炎，神经免疫，炎症，神经丛炎，神经保护

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