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Review Article

功能失调蛋白分解代谢对巨噬细胞胆固醇处理的影响

卷 26, 期 9, 2019

页: [1631 - 1643] 页: 13

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867325666180326165234

价格: $65

摘要

巨噬细胞中的蛋白质分解代谢主要通过自噬-溶酶体降解、泛素-蛋白酶体系统和钙蛋白酶来完成，在动脉粥样硬化血管中受到干扰。此外，越来越多的证据表明蛋白质分解代谢缺陷会干扰巨噬细胞中胆固醇的处理。事实上，自噬减少有助于动脉粥样硬化巨噬细胞中胆固醇的沉积，并随后由于脂质滴分解代谢受损和死亡细胞的有效清除有限而导致易受损害的动脉粥样硬化斑块的形成。蛋白酶体负责降解ATP结合盒转运蛋白，从而导致巨噬细胞胆固醇流出受损。传统钙蛋白酶的过度激活有助于功能蛋白的过度加工，从而加速受体介导的氧化低密度脂蛋白（LDL）的摄取，并减缓胆固醇的排出。此外，calpain-6是巨噬细胞中的一种非常规的非保护性calpain，它能增强本地低密度脂蛋白的胞饮作用，并减弱死亡细胞的体外清除。在这里，我们集中在最近的进展，了解有缺陷的蛋白质分解代谢如何与巨噬细胞胆固醇处理和随后的动脉粥样硬化有关。

关键词: 动脉粥样硬化、低密度脂蛋白、清除剂受体、胞饮作用、传出细胞增多、胆固醇外流；三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运蛋白。

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