Urinary Exosomal Lipidomics Reveals Markers for Diabetic Nephropathy

Title:Urinary Exosomal Lipidomics Reveals Markers for Diabetic Nephropathy

Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Author(s): Sangeeta Kumari*Ajeet Singh

Affiliation:

• Center for Computational Natural Sciences and Bioinformatics (CCNSB), International Institute of Information Technology, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500 032, Telangana,India

Keywords: Lipidomics, diabetic nephropathy, bayesian statistical analysis, bootstrap resampling, UPLC-TOF, Cyber-T, phospholipase A2.

Abstract: Background: Lipidomics profiling of urinary exosomes of patients with diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy was performed. Urinary exosomes are a rich source of lipid molecules, which can be used to identify the important signaling lipid molecules.

Objective: The lipids are key molecules involved in various signaling pathways of the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. To explore the therapeutic potential of these pathways and to suggest the potential targets for intervention in diabetic nephropathy, we conducted the retrospective lipidomics profiling of diabetic and diabetic nephropathy phenotype.

Methods: We used the reverse phase Liquid Chromatography Coupled Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) method in the negative ionization mode. The diabetic nephropathy (n=10) and Diabetes mellitus (10) were included in the study. The extraction of features was done using “XCMS” package in R. The Bayesian regularized t-test was performed using Cyber-T online tool to identify the significant lipid molecules. The differential density distributions of lipids for two groups were studied using “sm” package in R.

Results: The fold change analysis of lipid molecules present in exosomes suggests a significant enrichment of glycerol lipids, which could be involved in phospholipid and sphingolipid pathways. The hypothesis testing of similarity of diabetic nephropathy and diabetes mellitus phenotypes using the regularized Bayesian t-test showed 238 analytical peaks as significant with a p-value less than 0.05. There was no association between fold change and significance found. The density plots of PC, lyso-PC, PIP2, DG, and GM3 lipid showed significant difference in the diabetic nephropathy and diabetes mellitus groups by using bootstrap re-sampling method of hypothesis testing. The involvement of phospholipase C and phospholipase A2 was suggested in the patho-physiology of diabetic nephropathy.

Conclusion: This study suggests the potential use of Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC) method together with Bayesian regularized t-test and bootstrap re-sampling hypothesis testing for integrated lipidomics analysis to identify marker lipids of small sample size.

Cite this article as:

Kumari Sangeeta *, Singh Ajeet , Urinary Exosomal Lipidomics Reveals Markers for Diabetic Nephropathy, Current Metabolomics 2018; 6 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213235X05666170607135244