Mind Maps in Clinical Chemistry (Part II)

Learning objectives:

1. Enlist Specific Tumor markers for particular cancer.

2. Illustrate different oncogenes and their products.

3. Describe in detail Ectopic production of hormones.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss Outline of Lab work flow.

2. Describe setting of a Clinical Laboratory.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe Biosensors and Biodetectors.

2. Explain role of Molecular probes in Lab diagnosis.

3. Discuss Nanotechnology.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss steps for a complete analysis or unit operation.

2. Illustrate systems available for automation.

Learning objectives:

1. Illustrate Lab Information system.

2. Explain the importance of Telemedicine.

Learning objectives:

1. Enlist clinical tests for diagnosis before organ transplantation.

2. Describe Organ Specific Monitoring.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss steps in Laboratory design process.

2. Illustrate Hospital laboratory flow diagram.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe Cerebrospinal fluid.

2. Discuss Synovial fluid.

3. Explain different exudates in body.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain Organ panels and related clinical features.

Learning objectives:

1. Enumerate different instruments and equipments in Clinical chemistry lab.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe Paper electrophoresis.

2. Discuss about Chromatography and ELISA.

3. Enumerate applications of Radio-isotopes.

4. Explain Mass Spectroscopy, its working, types and applications.

Learning objectives:

1. Illustrate scheme for identification of unknown carbohydrates using different tests.

2. Enlist biologically important carbohydrates.

3. Discuss Osazone crystals.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe different tests done for proteins.

2. Explain Protein colour reactions.

3. Discuss Biological value of proteins.

4. Illustrate principle of Protein precipitation.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain physical and chemical analysis of milk.

2. Discuss Biological value of milk.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe characteristics of urine.

2. Describe chemical constituents of normal urine.

3. Explain different abnormal constituents of urine and different methods for estimating these constituents.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe all characteristics of Cerebrospinal fluid.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain roles of different enzymes in body- Amylase, Pepsin, Renin, Trypsin.

2. Describe Starch digestion and Protein digestion.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe various methods of urea and creatinine estimation, their clearance properties.

2. Explain the clinical significance of blood urea levels in health and disease.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe different methods of determination of Creatinine.

2. Discuss Creatinine Clearance.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss methods for estimation of serum Uric acid.

2. Interpret reasons for increased or decreased uric acid.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain different methods for measuring Blood Glucose.

2. Describe Glucose Tolerance Test.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain detailed experiment for estimation of total serum bilirubin.

2. Enumerate all other methods for bilirubin estimation.

3. Discuss classification of Jaundice.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe determination of total proteins in serum by Biuret method.

2. Interpret different causes of hypoproteinemia and hyperproteinemia.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain estimation of Alkaline phosphatase.

2. Evaluate clinical significance of ALP.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss methods for measuring total Calcium and Phosphorus.

2. Interpret causes for increase or decrease of Calcium and Phosphorus.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe method for estimation of Serum Amylase.

2. Interpret clinical significance for Amylase estimation.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain different methods for determining total Cholesterol.

2. Discuss Applied aspects for Cholesterol estimation.

3. Describe Cholesterol metabolism and uses of cholesterol.

4. Explain drug therapy to lower Cholesterol levels.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss composition of Gastric juice and enzymes present in it.

2. Describe Gastric juice analysis to find out its free and total acidity.

3. Explain Gastric Function tests.

4. Interpret results of Gastric juice analysis.

Learning objectives:

1. Explain Spectroscopic examination of blood.

2. Describe OxyHb, CarboxyHb, MetHb in detail.

Learning objectives:

1. Discuss procedure for Stone analysis.

2. Explain different stones.

Learning objectives:

1. Describe reference range of various chemical constituents of blood.