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Review Article

营养是老年患者健康的决定因素

卷 26, 期 19, 2019

页: [3652 - 3661] 页: 10

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867324666170523125806

价格: $65

摘要

背景：充足的卡路里摄入量是健康状况的主要决定因素，尤其是当退化性疾病（如衰老）成为难治性疾病的主要风险时。 方法：使用营养，老年人和营养不良等术语对主要数据库的文献进行结构化检索。 结果：根据大多数参考文章，毫无疑问，有机和社会风险因素（经济困难，孤独感，制度化）对于确定蛋白质热量营养不良的原因都很重要。一些人体测量学，临床和实验室参数可以帮助诊断和量化营养不良。但是，它们中的大多数都不便宜，或者执行起来并不简单，特别是在通用实践的环境中。通过使用简单的调查表[Mini Nutritional Assessment，MNA]，可以快速，轻松且无创地获得对老年患者营养状况的有效评估。维持营养状况是抵制蛋白质卡路里营养不良及其并发症的最佳措施，而蛋白质卡路里营养不良及其并发症通常会偷偷影响老年人口，特别是脆弱的患者。 结论：本综述基于更新的概念，对上述所有要点以及与营养不良有关的某些方面进行了检验，这些方面是老年人疾病严重程度和健康成本的指标。最后，讨论了营养干预和营养补充对营养不良总指标的影响，这是一种有前途的策略。

关键词: 老年人，营养不良，微量营养评估，营养干预，预后营养指数，老年营养风险指数。

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