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Current Cancer Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1568-0096
ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

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Mini-Review Article

Emerging Prospects for the Study of Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells using Patient-derived Organoids

Author(s): Ling Ding, Yuning Yang, Qin Lu, Zhiyun Cao* and Nathaniel Weygant*

Volume 22, Issue 3, 2022

Published on: 17 March, 2022

Page: [195 - 208] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220117124546

Price: $65

Abstract

Human colorectal cancer (CRC) patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are a powerful ex vivo platform to directly assess the impact of molecular alterations and therapies on tumor cell proliferation, differentiation, response to chemotherapy, tumor-microenvironment interactions, and other facets of CRC biology. Next-generation sequencing studies have demonstrated that CRC is a highly heterogeneous disease with multiple distinct subtypes. PDOs are a promising new tool to study CRC due to their ability to accurately recapitulate their source tumor and thus reproduce this heterogeneity. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art for CRC PDOs in the study of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and the cancer stem cell niche. Areas of focus include the relevance of PDOs to understanding CSC-related paracrine signaling, identifying interactions between CSCs and the tumor microenvironment, and modeling CSC-driven resistance to chemotherapies and targeted therapies. Finally, we summarize current findings regarding the identification and verification of CSC targets using PDOs and their potential use in personalized medicine.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer, cancer stem cells, tumor microenvironment, patient-derived organoids, personalized medicine, LGR5.

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