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CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5273
ISSN (Online): 1996-3181

Systematic Review Article

Experimental Rodent Models of Vascular Dementia: A Systematic Review

Author(s): Nidhi Tiwari, Jyoti Upadhyay, Mohammad Nazam Ansari*, Syed Shadab Raza, Wasim Ahmad and Mohammad Azam Ansari

Volume 20, Issue 7, 2021

Published on: 08 January, 2021

Page: [657 - 672] Pages: 16

DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666210108123438

Price: $65

Abstract

Vascular Dementia (VaD) occurs due to cerebrovascular insufficiency, which leads to decreased blood circulation to the brain, thereby resulting in mental disabilities. The main causes of Vascular Cognitive Impairment (VCI) are severe hypoperfusion, stroke, hypertension, large vessel disease (cortical), small Vessel Disease (subcortical VaD), strategic infarct, hemorrhage (microbleed), Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA), which leads to decreased cerebrovascular perfusion. Many metabolic disorders such as Diabetes Mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia, and hyperhomocysteinemia are also related to VaD. The rodent experimental models provide a better prospective for the investigation of the molecular mechanism of new drugs. A plethora of experimental models are available that mimic the pathological conditions and lead to VaD. This review article updates the current knowledge on the basis of VaD, risk factors, pathophysiology, mechanism, advantages, limitations, and the modification of various available rodent experimental models.

Keywords: Angiopathy, CADASIL, dementia, hypoperfusion, homocysteine, Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA).

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