Generic placeholder image

Letters in Drug Design & Discovery

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-1808
ISSN (Online): 1875-628X

Mini-Review Article

Novel Coronavirus 2019 Outbreak: A Global Epidemic

Author(s): Sweta Kamboj*, Rohit Kamboj, Shikha Kamboj, Kumar Guarve and Rohit Dutt

Volume 17, Issue 12, 2020

Page: [1458 - 1464] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/1570180817999200802033916

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: In the 1960s, the human coronavirus was designated, which is responsible for the upper respiratory tract disease in children. Back in 2003, mainly 5 new coronaviruses were recognized. This study directly pursues to govern knowledge, attitude and practice of viral and droplet infection isolation safeguard among the researchers during the outbreak of the COVID-19.

Introduction: Coronavirus is a proteinaceous and infectious pathogen. It is an etiological agent of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). Coronavirus, appeared in China from the seafood and poultry market last year, which has spread in various countries, and has caused several deaths.

Methods: The literature data has been taken from different search platforms like PubMed, Science Direct, Embase, Web of Science, who.int portal and complied.

Results: Corona virology study will be more advanced and outstanding in recent years. COVID-19 epidemic is a threatening reminder not solely for one country but all over the universe.

Conclusion: In this review article, we encapsulated the pathogenesis, geographical spread of coronavirus worldwide, also discussed the perspective of diagnosis, effective treatment, and primary recommendations by the World Health Organization, and guidelines of the government to slow down the impact of the virus are also optimistic, efficacious and obliging for the public health. However, it will take a prolonged time in the future to overcome this epidemic.

Keywords: Coronavirus, COVID-19, techniques, pathogenesis, treatment, symptoms, stages of covid-19.

Graphical Abstract

[1]
Nishiura, H.; Linton, N.M.; Akhmetzhanov, A.R. Serial interval of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) infections. Int. J. Infect. Dis., 2020, 93, 284-286.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.02.060] [PMID: 32145466]
[2]
Economou, A. New coronavirus outbreak. Curr. Pharm. Anal., 2020, 16(4), 335-336.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573412916999200228115819]
[3]
Alshami, A.; Douedi, S.; Varon, J. Coronavirus in the arena: One more time. Curr. Respir. Med. Rev., 2020, 16(1), 1-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573398X16999200302154418]
[4]
Shereen, M.A.; Khan, S.; Kazmi, A.; Bashir, N.; Siddique, R. COVID-19 infection: Origin, transmission, and characteristics of human coronaviruses. J. Adv. Res., 2020, 24, 91-98.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jare.2020.03.005] [PMID: 32257431]
[5]
Kumar, S. Poonam, Rathi, B. Coronavirus disease COVID-19: A new threat to public health. Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 2020, 20, 1-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026620999200305144319]
[6]
Hilgeroth, A. The coronavirus epidemic. Med. Chem., 2020, 16(3), 271.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157340641603200226092100] [PMID: 32329420]
[7]
Lippi, G.; Plebani, M. Procalcitonin in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis Clin. Chim. Acta, 2020.
[8]
Chang, L.; Yan, Y.; Wang, L. Coronavirus disease 2019: Coronaviruses and blood safety. Transfus. Med. Rev., 2020, 34(2), 75-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2020.02.003] [PMID: 32107119]
[9]
Sun, Z. Diagnostic value of chest CT in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Curr Med Imaging, 2020, 16(4), 274-275.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573405616999200320163751] [PMID: 32196453]
[10]
Sohrabi, C.; Alsafi, Z.; O’Neill, N.; Khan, M.; Kerwan, A.; Al-Jabir, A.; Iosifidis, C.; Agha, R. World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19). Int. J. Surg., 2020, 76, 71-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034] [PMID: 32112977]
[11]
Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic, Available at https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/2020
[12]
The novel coronavirus pneumonia emergency response epidemiology team. The epidemiological characteristics of an outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus diseases (COVID-19) China, 2020. China CDC Weekly, 2020, 2(8), 113-122.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2020.032]
[13]
World Health Organization. Available at: Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Situation Report-63 (2020).2020.www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports [Accessed: March 24, 2020)]
[14]
Kuca, K. The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak in china and world: a new lesson for public health system. Lett. Drug Des. Discov., 2020, 17, 1-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157018081701191211104947]
[15]
[16]
Scotti, L.; Scotti, M.T. China coronavirus outbreak: All the latest updates. Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 2020, 20(8), 601-602.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026620999200305144537] [PMID: 32133963]
[17]
Financial Express read to lead, Coronavirus Outbreak: What are the different stages of a pandemic. Available at: https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/health/coronavirusoutbreak- what-are-the-different-stages-of-apandemic/1906629/2020
[18]
Singhal, T. A review of coronavirus disease-2019 (covid-19). Indian J. Pediatr., 2020, 87(4), 281-286.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6] [PMID: 32166607]
[19]
Rothan, H.A.; Byrareddy, S.N. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. J. Autoimmun., 2020.109102433
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433] [PMID: 32113704]
[20]
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- ncov/symptomstesting/symptoms.html
[21]
Satish, K.P.; Nair, S.C. Coronavirus (COVID19) outbreak: A test of viral muscle versus the human tussle. Appl. Clin. Res. Clin. Trials Regul. Aff., 2019, 7, 1-6.
[22]
Zhang, Y. Epidemic features and control of the 2019 novel coronavirus. Curr. Chin. Med. Sci., 2020, 1, 1-2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666003201999200304123229]
[23]
Lupia, T.; Scabini, S.; Pinna, S.M.; Di Perri, G.; De Rosa, F.G.; Corcione, S. 2019-novel coronavirus outbreak: A new challenge J. Glob. Antimicrob. Res., 2020, 21, 22-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jgar.2020.02.021]
[24]
Cheng, Z.J.; Shan, J. novel coronavirus: Where we are and what we know. Infection, 2019, 2020, 1-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s15010-020- 01401-y] [PMID: 32072569]
[25]
Basak, S.C.; Majumdar, S.; Vracko, M.; Nandy, A.; Bhattacharjee, A. A generic computer-assisted four-pronged approach for the management of emerging global pathogens: some comments on COVID-19. Curr. Comput-Aid Drug Des., 2020, 16, 1-3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573409916999200316102548]
[26]
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prepare/prevention.html
[27]
Report of the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - World Health Organization 2020.
[28]
Hassan, S.; Sheikh, F.N.; Jamal, S.; Ezeh, J.K.; Akhtar, A. Coronavirus (COVID-19): A review of clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment. Cureus, 2020, 12(3)e7355
[29]
Kumar, S. Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak: Hope and search for effective therapeutic agent. Lett. Drug Des. Discov., 2020, 17(8)0817999200612095513
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570180817999200612095513]
[30]
Li, X.; Geng, M.; Peng, Y.; Meng, L.; Lu, S. Molecular immune pathogenesis and diagnosis of COVID-19. J. Pharm. Anal., 2020, 10(2), 102-108.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2020.03.001] [PMID: 32282863]
[31]
He, F.; Deng, Y.; Li, W. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19): What we know? J. Med. Virol., 2020.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25766]
[32]
Adhikari, S.P.; Meng, S.; Wu, Y.J.; Mao, Y.P.; Ye, R.X.; Wang, Q.Z.; Sun, C.; Sylvia, S.; Rozelle, S.; Raat, H.; Zhou, H. Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: A scoping review. Infect. Dis. Poverty, 2020, 9(1), 29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x] [PMID: 32183901]
[33]
Chen, Z-M.; Fu, J-F.; Shu, Q.; Chen, Y.H.; Hua, C.Z.; Li, F.B.; Lin, R.; Tang, L.F.; Wang, T.L.; Wang, W.; Wang, Y.S.; Xu, W.Z.; Yang, Z.H.; Ye, S.; Yuan, T.M.; Zhang, C.M.; Zhang, Y.Y. Diagnosis and treatment recommendations for pediatric respiratory infection caused by the 2019 novel coronavirus. World J. Pediatr., 2020, 16(3), 240-246.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12519-020-00345-5] [PMID: 32026148]
[34]
Nuccetelli, M.; Pieri, M.; Grelli, S.; Ciotti, M.; Miano, R.; Andreoni, M.; Bernardini, S. SARS-CoV-2 infection serology: A useful tool to overcome lockdown? Cell Death Discov., 2020, 6, 38.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41420-020-0275-2] [PMID: 32501411]
[35]
Connors, J.M.; Levy, J.H. COVID-19 and its implications for thrombosis and anticoagulation. Blood, 2020, 135(23), 2033-2040.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.2020006000] [PMID: 32339221]
[36]
Nasir, M.U.; Roberts, J.; Muller, N.L.; Macri, F.; Mohammed, M.F.; Akhlaghpoor, S.; Parker, W.; Eftekhari, A.; Rezaei, S.; Mayo, J.; Nicolaou, S. The role of emergency radiology in covid-19: from preparedness to diagnosis. [Formula: see text] Can. Assoc. Radiol. J., 2020, 71(3), 293-300.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0846537120916419] [PMID: 32233876]
[37]
García-Salido, A. [Narrative review of the immune response against coronavirus: An overview, applicability for SARS-COV-2, and therapeutic implications]. An. Pediatr. (Barc.), 2020, 93(1), 60.e1-60.e7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anpede.2020.04.006] [PMID: 32439309]
[38]
Gilead Announces Approval of Veklury® (remdesivir) in Japan for Patients With Severe COVID-19, COVID- -19.www.gilead.com/news-and-press/press-room/press-releases/2020/5/gilead
[39]
Coronavirus, Covid-19 Vaccine Latest Update in India, World: CureVac starts human trials; Pfizer corona vaccine by October, https://indianexpress.com/article/coronavirus/coronavirus-covid-19-vaccine-curevac-sinopharm-pfizer-moderna-status-check-6464868/
[40]
Coronavirus Medicine Launched at Rs 103 per Tablet! Glenmark’s FabiFlu to Treat Mild to Moderate Cases The Financial Express, 2020.https://www.financialexpress.com/lifestyle/healthcoronavirus-medicine-fabiflu-favipiravir-glenmark-price-rs-103-per-tablet -launch-details/1998085/
[41]
Liu, W.; Zhu, H.L.; Duan, Y. Effective chemicals against novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in China. Curr. Top. Med. Chem., 2020, 20(8), 603-605.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026620999200305145032] [PMID: 32133962]
[42]
Peter, A.P.; Wayne, C.K.; Show, P.L.; Ling, T.C. Potential pathway that could treat coronaviruses (COVID-19). Curr. Biochem. Eng., 2020, 6(1), 3-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212711906999200228100507]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy