Romidepsin (FK228), A Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor and its Analogues in Cancer Chemotherapy

Title:Romidepsin (FK228), A Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor and its Analogues in Cancer Chemotherapy

Volume: 28 Issue: 7

Author(s): Eftiola Pojani*Daniela Barlocco

Affiliation:

• Department of the Chemical-Toxicological and Pharmacological Evaluation of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Catholic University “Our Lady of Good Counsel”, Tirana,Albania

Keywords: HDACs, apoptosis, HDAC inhibitors, PI3K, dual inhibitors, novel anti-cancer therapies, structureactivity relationships (SAR).

Abstract:

Background: Human HDACs represent a group of enzymes able to modify histone and non-histone proteins, which interact with DNA to generate chromatin. The correlation between irregular covalent modification of histones and tumor development has been proved over the last decades. Therefore, HDAC inhibitors are considered as potential drugs in cancer treatment. Romidepsin (FK228), Belinostat (PXD-101), Vorinostat (SAHA), Panobinostat (LBH-589) and Chidamide were approved by FDA as novel antitumor agents.

Objective: The aim of this review article is to highlight the structure-activity relationships of several FK228 analogues as HDAC inhibitors. In addition, the synergistic effects of a dual HDAC/PI3K inhibition by some derivatives have been investigated.

Materials and Methods: PubMed, MEDLINE, CAPLUS, SciFinder Scholar database were considered by selecting articles which fulfilled the objectives of this review, dating from 2015 till present time.

Results: HDAC inhibitors have a significant role in cancer pathogenesis and evolution. Class I HDAC isoforms are expressed in many tumor types, therefore, potent and selective Class I HDAC inhibitors are of great interest as candidate therapeutic agents with limited side effects. By structurebased optimization, several FK228 analogues [15 (FK-A5), 22, 23 and 26 (FK-A11)] were identified, provided with significant activity against Class I HDAC enzymes and dose dependent antitumor activity. Compound 26 was recognized as an interesting HDAC/PI3K dual inhibitor (IC₅₀ against p110α of 6.7 μM while for HDAC1 inhibitory activity IC₅₀ was 0.64 nM).

Conclusion: Romidepsin analogues HDAC inhibitors have been confirmed as useful anticancer agents. In addition, dual HDAC/PI3K inhibition showed by some of them exhibited synergistic effects in inducing apoptosis in human cancer cells. Further studies on FK228 analogues may positively contribute to the availability of potent agents in tumor treatment.

Cite this article as:

Pojani Eftiola *, Barlocco Daniela , Romidepsin (FK228), A Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor and its Analogues in Cancer Chemotherapy, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 28 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867327666200203113926