Exploring the Bio-efficacies of Methanolic Extracts of Nostoc muscorum and Calothrix brevissima with their Characterization Using GC-MS

Title:Exploring the Bio-efficacies of Methanolic Extracts of Nostoc muscorum and Calothrix brevissima with their Characterization Using GC-MS

Volume: 8 Issue: 4

Author(s): Durdana Yasin, Tasneem Fatma*, Md. Zafaryab, Nazia Ahmad, Nafe Aziz and M. Moshahid Alam Rizvi

Affiliation:

• Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi-110025,India

Keywords: Cyanobacteria, phenolics, antioxidant, agar well diffusion assay, MTT assay, apoptosis, GC-MS.

Abstract: Background: Cyanobacteria are rich source of secondary metabolites being studied for their potential pharmaceutical applications.

Objective: We studied methanolic extracts of two cyanobacteria- Nostoc muscorum NCCU-442 and Calothrix brevissima NCCU-65 for their bioactivities.

Method: The phenolic content was estimated by Follin-Ciocalteu method. FRAP assay, DPPH, ABTS and SOR scavenging assays were performed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts. Antimicrobial effect was studied against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans by agar well diffusion assay. MTT assay was performed on cancerous HepG2 cells and Noncancerous HEK-293 cell lines to determine the anti-proliferative activity. Apoptosis was studied through DNA fragmentation assay and fluorescent microscopy. The composition of the test extracts was determined using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS).

Results: Methanolic extract of N. muscorum NCCU-442 showed slightly higher phenolic content (55.67±0.85 mg GAE/g) than the extract of C. brevissima NCCU-65 (55.38±2.28 mg GAE/g). N. muscorum extract was observed to be the best for scavenging DPPH, ABTS radical and superoxide radicals, whereas, C. brevissima extract was better for FRAP assay. Both the extracts showed promising antimicrobial activities against given microbes. As compared to N. muscorum extract, C. brevissima extract was found to be more effective against HepG2 cell lines with IC50 value = 210.5 µg/ml. At IC50 values the extracts showed evident morphological characteristics of apoptosis. Various probable bioactive constituents were identified in the GC-MS analysis.

Conclusion: The test extracts revealed that the given cyanobacterial strains have promising bioactive potential and could be developed in future as the pharmaceutical sources.

Cite this article as:

Yasin Durdana, Fatma Tasneem*, Zafaryab Md., Ahmad Nazia, Aziz Nafe and Rizvi Moshahid Alam M., Exploring the Bio-efficacies of Methanolic Extracts of Nostoc muscorum and Calothrix brevissima with their Characterization Using GC-MS, The Natural Products Journal 2018; 8 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210315508666180807095636