Abstract
Background: Drug delivery is an important aspect especially in the new era of therapeutics. Most drugs have poor permeability across the biological membrane. Some drugs show very low bioavailability and poor water solubility. An oral route for administration of the drug is quite challenging because of the biochemical barriers involved in the oral administration of drug. Researchers have developed different oral formulations that release the drug in the suitable manner but achieving therapeutic concentration is quite difficult task.
Objective: To develop nanocarrier based drug delivery system associated with drug bioavailability and solubility.
Method: In this review, the different polymers (synthetic, semisynthetic and natural) used for polymeric nano drug delivery system have been discussed. Along with the polymeric nanoparticles, the review also reflects on metal nanoparticles and lipid nanoparticles conjugation with drug. Matrix or resrvoir system formed by this conjugation helps to acheive desired bioavailability in oral drug delivery. Solvent evaporation, spray drying, nanoprecipitation, coacervation etc. are few techniques used for the preparation of carrier based oral drug nanoparticles.
Conclusion: Formulation of oral nanoparticulate carrier drug delivery will show improved therapeutic efficiency, minimizing the adverse effect. Oral administration is a preferred route and has better patient compliance in nanoparticulate form. The different nanocarriers provide vital application suitability in drug delivery.
Keywords: Bioavailability, solubility, polymers, nano carrier drug delivery, solid lipid nanoparticles, inorganic nanocarriers.
Graphical Abstract
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