[1]
Marcus, S.M.; Young, E.A.; Kerber, K.B.; Kornstein, S.; Farabaugh, A.H.; Mitchell, J.; Wisniewski, S.R.; Balasubramani, G.K.; Trivedi, M.H.; Rush, A.J. Gender differences in depression: findings from the STAR*D study. J. Affect. Disord., 2005, 87(2-3), 141-150. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2004.09.008]. [PMID: 15982748].
[2]
Kessler, R.C. Epidemiology of women and depression. J. Affect. Disord., 2003, 74(1), 5-13. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00426-3]. [PMID: 12646294].
[3]
Schmidt, P.J.; Rubinow, D.R. Sex hormones and mood in the perimenopause. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 2009, 1179, 70-85. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04982.x]. [PMID: 19906233].
[4]
Schneider, L.S.; Small, G.W.; Hamilton, S.H.; Bystritsky, A.; Nemeroff, C.B.; Meyers, B.S. Estrogen replacement and response to fluoxetine in a multicenter geriatric depression trial. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry, 1997, 5(2), 97-106. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019442-199721520-00002]. [PMID: 9106373].
[5]
Schneider, L.S.; Small, G.W.; Clary, C.M. Estrogen replacement therapy and antidepressant response to sertraline in older depressed women. Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry, 2001, 9(4), 393-399. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1097/00019442-200111000-00007]. [PMID: 11739065].
[6]
Bethea, C.L.; Smith, A.W.; Centeno, M.L.; Reddy, A.P. Long-term ovariectomy decreases serotonin neuron number and gene expression in free ranging macaques. Neuroscience, 2011, 192, 675-688. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.06.003]. [PMID: 21763405].
[7]
Björnström, L.; Sjöberg, M. Mechanisms of estrogen receptor signaling: convergence of genomic and nongenomic actions on target genes. Mol. Endocrinol., 2005, 19(4), 833-842. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1210/me.2004-0486]. [PMID: 15695368].
[8]
Flattem, N.L.; Blakely, R.D. Modified structure of the human serotonin transporter promoter. Mol. Psychiatry, 2000, 5(1), 110-115. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4000585]. [PMID: 10673778].
[9]
Hiroi, R.; Handa, R.J. Estrogen receptor-β regulates human tryptophan hydroxylase-2 through an estrogen response element in the 5′ untranslated region. J. Neurochem., 2013, 127(4), 487-495. [http:// dx.doi.org/10.1111/jnc.12401]. [PMID: 24033289].
[10]
Zhang, Z.; Chen, K.; Shih, J.C.; Teng, C.T. Estrogen-related receptors-stimulated monoamine oxidase B promoter activity is down-regulated by estrogen receptors. Mol. Endocrinol., 2006, 20(7), 1547-1561. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2005-0252]. [PMID: 16484337].
[11]
Denney, R.M.; Sharma, A.; Dave, S.K.; Waguespack, A. A new look at the promoter of the human monoamine oxidase A gene: mapping transcription initiation sites and capacity to drive luciferase expression. J. Neurochem., 1994, 63(3), 843-856. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63030843.x]. [PMID: 7519662].
[12]
Wissink, S.; van der Burg, B.; Katzenellenbogen, B.S.; van der Saag, P.T. Synergistic activation of the serotonin-1A receptor by nuclear factor-κ B and estrogen. Mol. Endocrinol., 2001, 15(4), 543-552. [PMID: 11266506].
[13]
Owens, M.; Herbert, J.; Jones, P.B.; Sahakian, B.J.; Wilkinson, P.O.; Dunn, V.J.; Croudace, T.J.; Goodyer, I.M. Elevated morning cortisol is a stratified population-level biomarker for major depression in boys only with high depressive symptoms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2014, 111(9), 3638-3643. [http://dx.doi.org/10. 1073/pnas.1318786111]. [PMID: 24550453].
[14]
Jacobsen, J.P.R.; Medvedev, I.O.; Caron, M.G. The 5-HT deficiency theory of depression: perspectives from a naturalistic 5-HT deficiency model, the tryptophan hydroxylase 2Arg439His knockin mouse. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci., 2012, 367(1601), 2444-2459. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0109]. [PMID: 22826344].
[15]
Soares, C.N. Mood disorders in midlife women: understanding the critical window and its clinical implications. Menopause, 2014, 21(2), 198-206. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/GME.0000000000000193]. [PMID: 24448106].
[16]
Joffe, H.; Cohen, L.S. Estrogen, serotonin, and mood disturbance: where is the therapeutic bridge?, 1998. 798-811
[17]
Deecher, D.; Andree, T.H.; Sloan, D.; Schechter, L.E. From menarche to menopause: exploring the underlying biology of depression in women experiencing hormonal changes. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2008, 33(1), 3-17. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2007.10. 006]. [PMID: 18063486].
[18]
Steiner, M.; Dunn, E.; Born, L. Hormones and mood: from menarche to menopause and beyond. J. Affect. Disord., 2003, 74(1), 67-83. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00432-9]. [PMID: 12646300].
[19]
Lokuge, S.; Frey, B.N.; Foster, J.A.; Soares, C.N.; Steiner, M. Depression in women: windows of vulnerability and new insights into the link between estrogen and serotonin. J. Clin. Psychiatry, 2011, 72(11), e1563-e1569. [http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.11com 07089]. [PMID: 22127200].
[20]
Martinez, P.E.; Rubinow, D.R.; Nieman, L.K.; Koziol, D.E.; Morrow, A.L.; Schiller, C.E.; Cintron, D.; Thompson, K.D.; Khine, K.K.; Schmidt, P.J. 5α-reductase inhibition prevents the luteal phase increase in plasma allopregnanolone levels and mitigates symptoms in women with premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2016, 41(4), 1093-1102. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1038/npp.2015.246]. [PMID: 26272051].
[21]
Bloch, M.; Rotenberg, N.; Koren, D.; Klein, E. Risk factors for early postpartum depressive symptoms. Gen. Hosp. Psychiatry, 2006, 28(1), 3-8. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005. 08.006]. [PMID: 16377359].
[22]
Freeman, E.W. Associations of depression with the transition to menopause. Menopause, 2010, 17(4), 823-827. [http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1097/gme.0b013e3181db9f8b]. [PMID: 20531231].
[23]
Cohen, L.S.; Soares, C.N.; Vitonis, A.F.; Otto, M.W.; Harlow, B.L. Risk for new onset of depression during the menopausal transition: the Harvard study of moods and cycles. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 2006, 63(4), 385-390. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.63.4.385]. [PMID: 16585467].
[24]
O’Lone, R.; Frith, M.C.; Karlsson, E.K.; Hansen, U. Genomic targets of nuclear estrogen receptors. Mol. Endocrinol., 2004, 18(8), 1859-1875. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2003-0044]. [PMID: 15031323].
[25]
McEwen, B.S.; Alves, S.E. Estrogen actions in the central nervous system. Endocr. Rev., 1999, 20(3), 279-307. [PMID: 10368772].
[26]
Nilsson, S.; Mäkelä, S.; Treuter, E.; Tujague, M.; Thomsen, J.; Andersson, G.; Enmark, E.; Pettersson, K.; Warner, M.; Gustafsson, J.A. Mechanisms of estrogen action. Physiol. Rev., 2001, 81(4), 1535-1565. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.2001.81.4.1535]. [PMID: 11581496].
[27]
Berry, M.; Metzger, D.; Chambon, P. Role of the two activating domains of the oestrogen receptor in the cell-type and promoter-context dependent agonistic activity of the anti-oestrogen 4-hydroxytamoxifen. EMBO J., 1990, 9(9), 2811-2818. [PMID: 2118104].
[28]
Xu, J.; Li, Q. Review of the in vivo functions of the p160 steroid receptor coactivator family. Mol. Endocrinol., 2003, 17(9), 1681-1692. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/me.2003-0116]. [PMID: 12805412].
[29]
Göttlicher, M.; Heck, S.; Herrlich, P. Transcriptional cross-talk, the second mode of steroid hormone receptor action. J. Mol. Med. (Berl.), 1998, 76(7), 480-489. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050242]. [PMID: 9660166].
[30]
Nawaz, Z.; Lonard, D.M.; Dennis, A.P.; Smith, C.L.; O’Malley, B.W. Proteasome-dependent degradation of the human estrogen receptor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1999, 96(5), 1858-1862. [http:// dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.5.1858]. [PMID: 10051559].
[31]
Migliaccio, A.; Piccolo, D.; Castoria, G.; Di Domenico, M.; Bilancio, A.; Lombardi, M.; Gong, W.; Beato, M.; Auricchio, F. Activation of the Src/p21ras/Erk pathway by progesterone receptor via cross-talk with estrogen receptor. EMBO J., 1998, 17(7), 2008-2018. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emboj/17.7.2008]. [PMID: 9524123].
[32]
Boonyaratanakornkit, V.; Edwards, D.P. Receptor mechanisms mediating non-genomic actions of sex steroids. Semin. Reprod. Med., 2007, 25(3), 139-153. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-973427]. [PMID: 17447204].
[33]
Heldring, N.; Pike, A.; Andersson, S.; Matthews, J.; Cheng, G.; Hartman, J.; Tujague, M.; Ström, A.; Treuter, E.; Warner, M.; Gustafsson, J.A. Estrogen receptors: how do they signal and what are their targets. Physiol. Rev., 2007, 87(3), 905-931. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1152/physrev.00026.2006]. [PMID: 17615392].
[34]
Lu, C.L.; Herndon, C. New roles for neuronal estrogen receptors. Neurogastroenterol. Motil., 2017, 29(7), 1-7. [http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1111/nmo.13121]. [PMID: 28597596].
[35]
Vrtačnik, P.; Ostanek, B.; Mencej-Bedrač, S.; Marc, J. The many faces of estrogen signaling. Biochem. Med. (Zagreb), 2014, 24(3), 329-342. [http://dx.doi.org/10.11613/BM.2014.035]. [PMID: 25351351].
[36]
Hayward, C.; Sanborn, K. Puberty and the emergence of gender differences in psychopathology. J. Adolesc. Health, 2002, 30(4)(Suppl.), 49-58. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1054-139X(02)00336-1]. [PMID: 11943575].
[37]
Kessler, R.C.; Walters, E.E. Epidemiology of DSM-III-R major depression and minor depression among adolescents and young adults in the National Comorbidity Survey. Depress. Anxiety, 1998, 7(1), 3-14. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:1 <3:AID-DA2>3.0.CO;2-F]. [PMID: 9592628].
[38]
Walf, A.A.; Frye, C.A. A review and update of mechanisms of estrogen in the hippocampus and amygdala for anxiety and depression behavior. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2006, 31(6), 1097-1111. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1301067]. [PMID: 16554740].
[39]
Borrow, A.P.; Cameron, N.M. Estrogenic mediation of serotonergic and neurotrophic systems: implications for female mood disorders. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 2014, 54, 13-25. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.05.009]. [PMID: 24865152].
[40]
Holsen, L.M.; Ph, D.; Spaeth, S.B.; Lee, J.; Ogden, L. a; Klibanski, A.; Whitfield-gabrieli, S.; Goldstein, J.M. Stress Response Circuitry Hypoactivation Related to Hormonal Dysfunction in Women with Major Depression. J. Affect. Disord., 2011, 131, 379-387.
[41]
Bloch, M.; Schmidt, P.J.; Danaceau, M.; Murphy, J.; Nieman, L.; Rubinow, D.R. Effects of gonadal steroids in women with a history of postpartum depression. Am. J. Psychiatry, 2000, 157(6), 924-930. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.157.6.924]. [PMID: 10831472].
[42]
Young, E.A.; Midgley, A.R.; Carlson, N.E.; Brown, M.B. Alteration in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis in depressed women. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 2000, 57(12), 1157-1162. [http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1001/archpsyc.57.12.1157]. [PMID: 11115329].
[43]
Cohen, L.S.; Soares, C.N.; Poitras, J.R.; Prouty, J.; Alexander, A.B.; Shifren, J.L. Short-term use of estradiol for depression in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women: a preliminary report. Am. J. Psychiatry, 2003, 160(8), 1519-1522. [http://dx.doi.org/10. 1176/appi.ajp.160.8.1519]. [PMID: 12900318].
[44]
Soares, C.N.; Almeida, O.P.; Joffe, H.; Cohen, L.S.S.; de Novaes Soares, C.; Almedia, O.; Joff, H.; Cohen, L.S.S. Efficacy of estradiol for the treatment of depressive disorders in perimenopausal women: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 2001, 58(6), 529-534. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/ archpsyc.58.6.529]. [PMID: 11386980].
[45]
Fischer, B.; Gleason, C.; Asthana, S. Effects of hormone therapy on cognition and mood. Fertil. Steril., 2014, 101(4), 898-904. [http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.025]. [PMID: 24680649].
[46]
Bastos, C.P.; Pereira, L.M.; Ferreira-Vieira, T.H.; Drumond, L.E.; Massensini, A.R.; Moraes, M.F.D.; Pereira, G.S. Object recognition memory deficit and depressive-like behavior caused by chronic ovariectomy can be transitorialy recovered by the acute activation of hippocampal estrogen receptors. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2015, 57, 14-25. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.03.020]. [PMID: 25867995].
[47]
Zweifel, J.E.; O’Brien, W.H. A meta-analysis of the effect of hormone replacement therapy upon depressed mood. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 1997, 22(3), 189-212. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4530(96)00034-0]. [PMID: 9203229].
[48]
Rubinow, D.R.; Johnson, S.L.; Schmidt, P.J.; Girdler, S.; Gaynes, B. Efficacy of Estradiol in Perimenopausal Depression: So Much Promise and so Few Answers. Depress. Anxiety, 2015, 32(8), 539-549. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.22391]. [PMID: 26130315].
[49]
Carranza-Lira, S.; MacGregor-Gooch, A.L.; Saráchaga-Osterwalder, M. Mood modifications with raloxifene and continuous combined estrogen plus progestin hormone therapy. Int. J. Fertil. Womens Med., 2004, 49(3), 120-122. [PMID: 15303313].
[50]
Lemini, C.; García-Albor, E.; Cruz-López, B.; Matamoros-Trejo, G.; Martínez-Mota, L. Differential effect of the 17β-aminoestrogens prolame, butolame and pentolame in anxiety and depression models in rats. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 2016, 64, 102-108. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.07.013]. [PMID: 26239795].
[51]
Westlund Tam, L.; Parry, B.L. Does estrogen enhance the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine? J. Affect. Disord., 2003, 77(1), 87-92. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0327(02)00357-9]. [PMID: 14550939].
[52]
Owens, M.J.; Nemeroff, C.B. Role of serotonin in the pathophysiology of depression: focus on the serotonin transporter. Clin. Chem., 1994, 40(2), 288-295. [PMID: 7508830].
[53]
Köhler, S.; Cierpinsky, K.; Kronenberg, G.; Adli, M. The serotonergic system in the neurobiology of depression: Relevance for novel antidepressants. J. Psychopharmacol. (Oxford), 2016, 30(1), 13-22. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881115609072]. [PMID: 26464458].
[54]
Lasiuk, G.C.; Hegadoren, K.M. The effects of estradiol on central serotonergic systems and its relationship to mood in women. Biol. Res. Nurs., 2007, 9(2), 147-160. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/ 1099800407305600]. [PMID: 17909167].
[55]
Akiskal, H.S.; McKinney, W.T. Jr depressive disorders: Toward a
unified hypothesis Science, (80). 1973, 182 20-29
[56]
Leyton, M.; Young, S.N.; Benkelfat, C. Relapse of depression after rapid depletion of tryptophan. Lancet, 1997, 349(9068), 1840-1841. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61726-6]. [PMID: 9269238].
[57]
Smith, K.A.; Clifford, E.M.; Hockney, R.A.; Clark, D.M.; Cowen, P.J. Effect of tryptophan depletion on mood in male and female volunteers: A pilot study. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 1997, 12, 111-117.
[58]
Savitz, J.; Lucki, I.; Drevets, W.C.W. 5-HT(1A) receptor function in major depressive disorder. Prog. Neurobiol., 2009, 88(1), 17-31. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pneurobio.2009.01.009]. [PMID: 19428959].
[59]
Drevets, W.C.; Frank, E.; Price, J.C.; Kupfer, D.J.; Holt, D.; Greer, P.J.; Huang, Y.; Gautier, C.; Mathis, C. PET imaging of serotonin 1A receptor binding in depression. Biol. Psychiatry, 1999, 46(10), 1375-1387. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00189-4]. [PMID: 10578452].
[60]
Meltzer, C.C.; Price, J.C.; Mathis, C.A.; Butters, M.A.; Ziolko, S.K.; Moses-Kolko, E.; Mazumdar, S.; Mulsant, B.H.; Houck, P.R.; Lopresti, B.J.; Weissfeld, L.A.; Reynolds, C.F. Serotonin 1A receptor binding and treatment response in late-life depression. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2004, 29(12), 2258-2265. [http://dx.doi.org/ 10.1038/sj.npp.1300556]. [PMID: 15483563].
[61]
Nugent, A.C.; Bain, E.E.; Carlson, P.J.; Neumeister, A.; Bonne, O.; Carson, R.E.; Eckelman, W.; Herscovitch, P.; Zarate, C.A., Jr; Charney, D.S.; Drevets, W.C. Reduced post-synaptic serotonin type 1A receptor binding in bipolar depression. Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., 2013, 23(8), 822-829. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.euroneuro.2012.11.005]. [PMID: 23434290].
[62]
López, J.F.; Chalmers, D.T.; Little, K.Y.; Watson, S.J.A.E. Bennett Research Award. Regulation of serotonin1A, glucocorticoid, and mineralocorticoid receptor in rat and human hippocampus: implications for the neurobiology of depression. Biol. Psychiatry, 1998, 43(8), 547-573. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(97) 00484-8]. [PMID: 9564441].
[63]
Parsey, R.V.; Olvet, D.M.; Oquendo, M.A.; Huang, Y-Y.; Ogden, R.T.; Mann, J.J. Higher 5-HT1A receptor binding potential during a major depressive episode predicts poor treatment response: preliminary data from a naturalistic study. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2006, 31(8), 1745-1749. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300992]. [PMID: 16395308].
[64]
Staley, J.K.; Sanacora, G.; Tamagnan, G.; Maciejewski, P.K.; Malison, R.T.; Berman, R.M.; Vythilingam, M.; Kugaya, A.; Baldwin, R.M.; Seibyl, J.P.; Charney, D.; Innis, R.B. Sex differences in diencephalon serotonin transporter availability in major depression. Biol. Psychiatry, 2006, 59(1), 40-47. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.06.012]. [PMID: 16139815].
[65]
Paech, K.; Webb, P.; Kuiper, G.G.; Nilsson, S.; Gustafsson, J.; Kushner, P.J.; Scanlan, T.S. Differential Ligand Activation of Estrogen Receptors ERalpha and ERbeta at AP1 Sites Science, 1997, 277 1508-1510
[66]
Alves, S.E.; Weiland, N.G.; Hayashi, S.; McEwen, B.S. Immunocytochemical localization of nuclear estrogen receptors and progestin receptors within the rat dorsal raphe nucleus. J. Comp. Neurol., 1998, 391(3), 322-334. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861 (19980216)391:3<322:AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-3]. [PMID: 9492203].
[67]
Sheng, Z.; Kawano, J.; Yanai, A.; Fujinaga, R.; Tanaka, M.; Watanabe, Y.; Shinoda, K. Expression of estrogen receptors (A, β) and androgen receptor in serotonin neurons of the rat and mouse dorsal raphe nuclei. sex and species differences. Neurosci. Res., 2004, 49, 185-196. [PMID: 15140561].
[68]
Gundlah, C.; Lu, N.Z.; Bethea, C.L. Ovarian steroid regulation of monoamine oxidase-A and -B mRNAs in the macaque dorsal raphe and hypothalamic nuclei. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 2002, 160(3), 271-282. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-001-0959-0]. [PMID: 11889496].
[69]
Osterlund, M.K.; Hurd, Y.L. Acute 17 beta-estradiol treatment down-regulates serotonin 5HT1A receptor mRNA expression in the limbic system of female rats. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 1998, 55(1), 169-172. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(98)00018-7]. [PMID: 9645972].
[70]
McQueen, J.K.; Wilson, H.; Fink, G. Estradiol-17 beta increases serotonin transporter (SERT) mRNA levels and the density of SERT-binding sites in female rat brain. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 1997, 45(1), 13-23. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(96) 00233-1]. [PMID: 9105666].
[71]
Soares, C.N. Depression in peri- and postmenopausal women: prevalence, pathophysiology and pharmacological management. Drugs Aging, 2013, 30(9), 677-685. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s40266-013-0100-1]. [PMID: 23801148].
[72]
Schiller, C.E.; Schmidt, P.J.; Rubinow, D.R. Allopregnanolone as a mediator of affective switching in reproductive mood disorders. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 2014, 231(17), 3557-3567. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1007/s00213-014-3599-x]. [PMID: 24846476].
[73]
Serova, L.; Nakashima, A.; Sabban, L. Estradiol stimulates gene expression of norepinephrine biosynthetic enzymes in rat locus coeruleus. Neuroendocrinology, 2002, 10595, 193-200.
[74]
Maharjan, S.; Serova, L.; Sabban, E.L. Transcriptional regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase by estrogen: opposite effects with estrogen receptors α and β and interactions with cyclic AMP. J. Neurochem., 2005, 93(6), 1502-1514. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159. 2005.03142.x]. [PMID: 15935066].
[75]
Pau, K.Y.; Hess, D.L.; Kohama, S.; Bao, J.; Pau, C.Y.; Spies, H.G. Oestrogen upregulates noradrenaline release in the mediobasal hypothalamus and tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in the brainstem of ovariectomized rhesus macaques. J. Neuroendocrinol., 2000, 12(9), 899-909. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.2000. 00549.x]. [PMID: 10971815].
[76]
Jiang, H.; Xie, T.; Ramsden, D.B.; Ho, S.L. Human catechol-O-methyltransferase down-regulation by estradiol. Neuropharmacology, 2003, 45(7), 1011-1018. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0028-3908 (03)00286-7]. [PMID: 14573393].
[77]
Bangasser, D.A.; Wiersielis, K.R.; Khantsis, S. Sex differences in the locus coeruleus-norepinephrine system and its regulation by stress. Brain Res, 2016, 1641 (Pt B), 177-188. [http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.brainres.2015.11.021] [PMID: 26607253]
[78]
Xie, T.; Ho, S-L.; Ramsden, D. Characterization and implications of estrogenic down-regulation of human catechol-O-methyltransferase gene transcription. Mol. Pharmacol., 1999, 56(1), 31-38. [http:// dx.doi.org/10.1124/mol.56.1.31]. [PMID: 10385681].
[79]
Grahame-Smith, D.G. Tryptophan hydroxylation in brain. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 1964, 16(6), 586-592. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/0006-291X(64)90197-4]. [PMID: 5297063].
[80]
Walther, D.J.; Peter, J.U.; Bashammakh, S.; Hörtnagl, H.; Voits, M.; Fink, H.; Bader, M. Synthesis of Serotonin by a Second Tryptophan Hydroxylase Isoform. Science, 2003, 299, 76. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1078197].
[81]
Zhang, X.; Gainetdinov, R.R.; Beaulieu, J.M.; Sotnikova, T.D.; Burch, L.H.; Williams, R.B.; Schwartz, D.A.; Krishnan, K.R.R.; Caron, M.G. Loss-of-function mutation in tryptophan hydroxylase-2 identified in unipolar major depression. Neuron, 2005, 45(1), 11-16. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2004.12.014]. [PMID: 15629698].
[82]
Haghighi, F.; Bach-Mizrachi, H.; Huang, Y.Y.; Arango, V.; Shi, S.; Dwork, A.J.; Rosoklija, G.; Sheng, H.T.; Morozova, I.; Ju, J.; Russo, J.J.; Mann, J.J. Genetic architecture of the human tryptophan hydroxylase 2 Gene: existence of neural isoforms and relevance for major depression. Mol. Psychiatry, 2008, 13(8), 813-820. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4002127]. [PMID: 18180764].
[83]
Bach-Mizrachi, H.; Underwood, M.D.; Tin, A.; Ellis, S.P.; Mann, J.J.; Arango, V. Elevated expression of tryptophan hydroxylase-2 mRNA at the neuronal level in the dorsal and median raphe nuclei of depressed suicides. Mol. Psychiatry, 2008, 13 507-513, 465.[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4002143]
[84]
Boldrini, M.; Underwood, M.D.; Mann, J.J.; Arango, V. More tryptophan hydroxylase in the brainstem dorsal raphe nucleus in depressed suicides. Brain Res., 2005, 1041(1), 19-28. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2005.01.083]. [PMID: 15804496].
[85]
Bonkale, W.L.; Murdock, S.; Janosky, J.E.; Austin, M.C. Normal levels of tryptophan hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the dorsal raphe of depressed suicide victims. J. Neurochem., 2004, 88(4), 958-964. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02225.x]. [PMID: 14756817].
[86]
Bethea, C.L.; Mirkes, S.J.; Shively, C.A.; Adams, M.R. Steroid regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase protein in the dorsal raphe of macaques. Biol. Psychiatry, 2000, 47(6), 562-576. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/S0006-3223(99)00156-0]. [PMID: 10715363].
[87]
Nomura, M.; Akama, K.T.; Alves, S.E.; Korach, K.S.; Gustafsson, J.Å.; Pfaff, D.W.; Ogawa, S. Differential distribution of estrogen receptor (ER)-α and ER-β in the midbrain raphe nuclei and periaqueductal gray in male mouse: Predominant role of ER-β in midbrain serotonergic systems. Neuroscience, 2005, 130(2), 445-456. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.028]. [PMID: 15664701].
[88]
Gundlah, C.; Lu, N.Z.; Bethea, C.L. Ovarian steroid regulation of monoamine oxidase-A and -B mRNAs in the macaque dorsal raphe and hypothalamic nuclei. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 2002, 160(3), 271-282. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-001-0959-0]. [PMID: 11889496].
[89]
Lu, H.; Ozawa, H.; Nishi, M.; Ito, T.; Kawata, M. Serotonergic neurones in the dorsal raphe nucleus that project into the medial preoptic area contain oestrogen receptor beta. J. Neuroendocrinol., 2001, 13(10), 839-845. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826. 2001.00695.x]. [PMID: 11679052].
[90]
Donner, N.C.; Handa, R.J. Estrogen receptor beta regulates the
expression of tryptophan- hydroxylase 2 mRNA within serotonergic
neurons of the rat dorsal raphe nuclei. 2009, 163 705-718
[91]
Borsini, F.; Meli, A. Is the forced swimming test a suitable model for revealing antidepressant activity? Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 1988, 94(2), 147-160. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00176837]. [PMID: 3127840].
[92]
Paul, I.A.; Duncan, G.E.; Kuhn, C.; Mueller, R.A.; Hong, J.S.; Breese, G.R. Neural adaptation in imipramine-treated rats processed in forced swim test: assessment of time course, handling, rat strain and amine uptake. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 1990, 252(3), 997-1005. [PMID: 2157002].
[93]
Porsolt, R.D.; Anton, G.; Blavet, N.; Jalfre, M. Behavioural despair in rats: a new model sensitive to antidepressant treatments. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1978, 47(4), 379-391. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2999(78)90118-8]. [PMID: 204499].
[94]
Detke, M.J.; Rickels, M.; Lucki, I. Active behaviors in the rat forced swimming test differentially produced by serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants. Psychopharmacology (Berl.), 1995, 121(1), 66-72. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245592]. [PMID: 8539342].
[95]
Contreras, C.M.; Martınez-Mota, L. Desipramine Restricts Estrous Cycle Oscillations, M.S. in Swimming. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry, 1998, 22, 1121-1128.
[96]
Yang, F-Z.; Wu, Y.; Zhang, W-G.; Cai, Y-Y.; Shi, S-X. Estradiol or fluoxetine alters depressive behavior and tryptophan hydroxylase in rat raphe. Neuroreport, 2010, 21(4), 309-312. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1097/WNR.0b013e3283377445]. [PMID: 20134355].
[97]
Benmansour, S.; Weaver, R.S.; Barton, A.K.; Adeniji, O.S.; Frazer, A. Comparison of effects of E2 and progesterone on serotonergic function. Biol. Psychiatry, 2012, 71, 633-641. [PMID: 22225849].
[98]
Koldzic-Zivanovic, N.; Seitz, P.K.; Watson, C.S.; Cunningham, K.A.; Thomas, M.L. Intracellular signaling involved in estrogen regulation of serotonin reuptake. Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 2004, 226(1-2), 33-42. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2004.07.017]. [PMID: 15489003].
[99]
Chen, G.L.; Miller, G.M. 5′-Untranslated region of the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 gene harbors an asymmetric bidirectional promoter but not internal ribosome entry site in vitro. Gene, 2009, 435(1-2), 53-62. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2008.12.019]. [PMID: 19344641].
[100]
Machado-Vieira, R.; Mallinger, A.G. Abnormal function of monoamine oxidase-A in comorbid major depressive disorder and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.(review) Mol. Med. Rep., 2012, 6(5), 915-922. [PMID: 22948532].
[101]
Bach, A.W.; Lan, N.C.; Johnson, D.L.; Abell, C.W.; Bembenek, M.E.; Kwan, S.W.; Seeburg, P.H.; Shih, J.C. cDNA cloning of human liver monoamine oxidase A and B: molecular basis of differences in enzymatic properties. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1988, 85(13), 4934-4938. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.85.13.4934]. [PMID: 3387449].
[102]
Youdim, M.B.; Finberg, J.P. New directions in monoamine oxidase A and B selective inhibitors and substrates. Biochem. Pharmacol., 1991, 41(2), 155-162. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(91) 90471-G]. [PMID: 1989626].
[103]
Luque, J.M.; Bleuel, Z.; Hendrickson, A.; Richards, J.G. Detection of MAO-A and MAO-B mRNAs in monkey brainstem by cross-hybridization with human oligonucleotide probes. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 1996, 36(2), 357-360. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-328X(96)88407-5]. [PMID: 8965658].
[104]
Shulman, K.I.; Herrmann, N.; Walker, S.E. Current place of monoamine oxidase inhibitors in the treatment of depression. CNS Drugs, 2013, 27(10), 789-797. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40263-013-0097-3]. [PMID: 23934742].
[105]
Duncan, J.; Johnson, S.; Ou, X.M. Monoamine oxidases in major depressive disorder and alcoholism. Drug Discov. Ther., 2012, 6(3), 112-122. [PMID: 22890201].
[106]
Meyer, J.H.; Ginovart, N.; Boovariwala, A.; Sagrati, S.; Hussey, D.; Garcia, A.; Young, T.; Praschak-Rieder, N.; Wilson, A.A.; Houle, S. Elevated monoamine oxidase a levels in the brain. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 2006, 63, 1209. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/ archpsyc.63.11.1209]. [PMID: 17088501].
[107]
Rekkas, P.V.; Wilson, A.A.; Lee, V.W.H.; Yogalingam, P.; Sacher, J.; Rusjan, P.; Houle, S.; Stewart, D.E.; Kolla, N.J.; Kish, S.; Chiuccariello, L.; Meyer, J.H. Greater monoamine oxidase a binding in perimenopausal age as measured with carbon 11-labeled harmine positron emission tomography. JAMA Psychiatry, 2014, 71(8), 873-879. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.250]. [PMID: 24898155].
[108]
Chiuccariello, L.; Houle, S.; Miler, L.; Cooke, R.G.; Rusjan, P.M.; Rajkowska, G.; Levitan, R.D.; Kish, S.J.; Kolla, N.J.; Ou, X.; Wilson, A.A.; Meyer, J.H. Elevated monoamine oxidase a binding during major depressive episodes is associated with greater severity and reversed neurovegetative symptoms. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2014, 39(4), 973-980. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2013.297]. [PMID: 24154665].
[109]
Klimek, V.; Roberson, G.; Stockmeier, C.A.; Ordway, G.A. Serotonin transporter and MAO-B levels in monoamine nuclei of the human brainstem are normal in major depression. J. Psychiatr. Res., 2003, 37(5), 387-397. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3956 (03)00045-1]. [PMID: 12849931].
[110]
Smith, L.J.; Henderson, J.A.; Abell, C.W.; Bethea, C.L. Effects of ovarian steroids and raloxifene on proteins that synthesize, transport, and degrade serotonin in the raphe region of macaques. Neuropsychopharmacology, 2004, 29(11), 2035-2045. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1038/sj.npp.1300510]. [PMID: 15199371].
[111]
Ortega-Corona, B.G.; Valencia-Sánchez, A.; Kubli-Garfias, C.; Anton-Tay, F.; Salazar, L.A.; Villarreal, J.E.; Ponce-Monter, H. Hypothalamic monoamine oxidase activity in ovariectomized rats after sexual behavior restoration. Arch. Med. Res., 1994, 25(3), 337-340. [PMID: 7803985].
[112]
Chevillard, C.; Barden, N.; Saavedra, J.M. Estradiol treatment decreases type A and increases type B monoamine oxidase in specific brain stem areas and cerebellum of ovariectomized rats. Brain Res., 1981, 222(1), 177-181. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993 (81)90955-0]. [PMID: 7296265].
[113]
Bethea, C.L.; Lu, N.Z.; Gundlah, C.; Streicher, J.M. Diverse actions of ovarian steroids in the serotonin neural system. Front. Neuroendocrinol., 2002, 23(1), 41-100. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/ frne.2001.0225]. [PMID: 11906203].
[114]
Olivier, B. Serotonin: a never-ending story. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 2015, 753, 2-18. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.10.031]. [PMID: 25446560].
[115]
Haase, J. Killian, a; Magnani, F.; Williams, C. SERT is regulated by syntaxin I A one potential regulatory protein is the neuronal. Biochem. Soc. Trans., 2001, 29, 722-728. [http://dx.doi.org/10. 1042/bst0290722]. [PMID: 11709063].
[116]
White, K.J.; Walline, C.C.; Barker, E.L. Serotonin transporters: implications for antidepressant drug development. AAPS J., 2005, 7(2), E421-E433. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/aapsj070242]. [PMID: 16353921].
[117]
Gryglewski, G.; Lanzenberger, R.; Kranz, G.S.; Cumming, P. Meta-analysis of molecular imaging of serotonin transporters in major depression. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab., 2014, 34(7), 1096-1103. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2014.82]. [PMID: 24802331].
[118]
Pecins-Thompson, M.; Bethea, C.L. Ovarian steroid regulation of serotonin-1A autoreceptor messenger RNA expression in the dorsal raphe of rhesus macaques. Neuroscience, 1999, 89(1), 267-277. [http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00326-1]. [PMID: 10051234].
[119]
Zhou, W.; Koldzic-Zivanovic, N.; Clarke, C.H.; de Beun, R.; Wassermann, K.; Bury, P.S.; Cunningham, K.A.; Thomas, M.L. Selective estrogen receptor modulator effects in the rat brain. Neuroendocrinology, 2002, 75(1), 24-33. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/ 000048218]. [PMID: 11810032].
[120]
Lu, N.Z.; Eshleman, A.J.; Janowsky, A.; Bethea, C.L. Ovarian steroid regulation of serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT) binding, distribution, and function in female macaques. Mol. Psychiatry, 2003, 8(3), 353-360. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4001243]. [PMID: 12660809].
[121]
Sumner, B.E.; Grant, K.E.; Rosie, R.; Hegele-Hartung, C.; Fritzemeier, K-H.; Fink, G. Effects of tamoxifen on serotonin transporter and 5-hydroxytryptamine(2A) receptor binding sites and mRNA levels in the brain of ovariectomized rats with or without acute estradiol replacement. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 1999, 73(1-2), 119-128. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(99)00243-0]. [PMID: 10581405].
[122]
Rivera, H.M.; Oberbeck, D.R.; Kwon, B.; Houpt, T.A.; Eckel, L.A. Estradiol increases Pet-1 and serotonin transporter mRNA in the midbrain raphe nuclei of ovariectomized rats. Brain Res., 2009, 1259, 51-58. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2008.12.067]. [PMID: 19168037].
[123]
Shively, C.A.; Mirkes, S.J.; Lu, N.Z.; Henderson, J.A.; Bethea, C.L. Soy and social stress affect serotonin neurotransmission in primates. Pharmacogenomics J., 2003, 3(2), 114-121. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1038/sj.tpj.6500166]. [PMID: 12746737].
[124]
Jovanovic, H.; Karlsson, P.; Cerin, A.; Halldin, C.; Nordström, A.L. 5-HT(1A) receptor and 5-HTT binding during the menstrual cycle in healthy women examined with [(11)C] WAY100635 and [(11)C] MADAM PET. Psychiatry Res., 2009, 172(1), 31-37. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pscychresns.2008.07.002]. [PMID: 19118985].
[125]
Mitra, C.; Guha, S.R. Serotonin oxidation by type B MAO of rat brain. Biochem. Pharmacol., 1980, 29(9), 1213-1216. [http://dx. doi.org/10.1016/0006-2952(80)90276-2]. [PMID: 6772194].
[126]
Jabeen, H.D. Raphe-hippocampal serotonin neurotransmission in the sex related differences of adaptation to stress: Focus on serotonin-1A receptor. Curr. Neuropharmacol., 2011, 9(3), 512-521. [http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015911796558019]. [PMID: 22379463].
[127]
Sharp, T.; Boothman, L.; Raley, J.; Quérée, P. Important messages in the ‘post’: recent discoveries in 5-HT neurone feedback control. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 2007, 28(12), 629-636. [http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.tips.2007.10.009]. [PMID: 17996955].
[128]
Invernizzi, R.; Carli, M.; Di Clemente, A.; Samanin, R. Administration of 8-hydroxy-2-(Di-n-propylamino)tetralin in raphe nuclei dorsalis and medianus reduces serotonin synthesis in the rat brain: differences in potency and regional sensitivity. J. Neurochem., 1991, 56(1), 243-247. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991. tb02587.x]. [PMID: 1824782].
[129]
Blier, P.; Ward, N.M. Is there a role for 5-HT1A agonists in the treatment of depression? Biol. Psychiatry, 2003, 53(3), 193-203. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(02)01643-8]. [PMID: 12559651].
[130]
Bhagwagar, Z.; Rabiner, E.A.; Sargent, P.A.; Grasby, P.M.; Cowen, P.J. Persistent reduction in brain serotonin1A receptor binding in recovered depressed men measured by positron emission tomography with [11C]WAY-100635. Mol. Psychiatry, 2004, 9(4), 386-392. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.mp.4001401]. [PMID: 15042104].
[131]
Albert, P.R.; Le François, B.; Millar, A.M. Transcriptional dysregulation of 5-HT1A autoreceptors in mental illness. Mol. Brain, 2011, 4, 21. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-6606-4-21]. [PMID: 21619616].
[132]
Sargent, P. a; Kjaer, K.H.; Bench, C.J.; Rabiner, E. a; Messa, C.; Meyer, J.; Gunn, R.N.; Grasby, P.M.; Cowen, P.J. Brain serotonin 1A receptor binding measured by positron emission tomography with [11C]WAY-100635. Effects of depression and antidepressant treatment. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry, 2000, 57, 174-180.
[133]
Savitz, J.B.; Drevets, W.C. Neuroreceptor imaging in depression. Neurobiol. Dis., 2013, 52, 49-65. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.nbd.2012.06.001]. [PMID: 22691454].
[134]
Richardson-Jones, J.W.; Craige, C.P.; Guiard, B.P.; Stephen, A.; Metzger, K.L.; Kung, H.F.; Gardier, A.M.; Dranovsky, A.; David, D.J.; Beck, S.G.; Hen, R.; Leonardo, E.D. 5-HT1A autoreceptor levels determine vulnerability to stress and response to antidepressants. Neuron, 2010, 65(1), 40-52. [http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/ j.neuron.2009.12.003]. [PMID: 20152112].
[135]
Chalmers, D.T.; Watson, S.J. Comparative anatomical distribution of 5-HT1A receptor mRNA and 5-HT1A binding in rat brain--a combined in situ hybridisation/in vitro receptor autoradiographic study. Brain Res., 1991, 561(1), 51-60. [http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/0006-8993(91)90748-K]. [PMID: 1797349].
[136]
Landry, M.; Di Paolo, T. Effect of chronic estradiol, tamoxifen or raloxifene treatment on serotonin 5-HT1A receptor. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 2003, 112(1-2), 82-89. [http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/S0169-328X(03)00049-4]. [PMID: 12670705].
[137]
Gundlah, C.; Lu, N.Z.; Mirkes, S.J.; Bethea, C.L. Estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) mRNA and protein in serotonin neurons of macaques. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res., 2001, 91(1-2), 14-22. [http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0169-328X(01)00108-5]. [PMID: 11457488].