Stem Cell Interventions for Bone Healing: Fractures and Osteoporosis

Title:Stem Cell Interventions for Bone Healing: Fractures and Osteoporosis

Volume: 13 Issue: 5

Author(s): Anita Sanghani-Kerai*, Dara McCreary, Henry Lancashire, Liza Osagie, Melanie Coathup and Gordon Blunn

Affiliation:

• Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Sciences, University College London, Stanmore, London, HA7 4LP,United Kingdom

Keywords: Stem cells, fracture, osteoporosis, bone, healing, regeneration.

Abstract: With the ageing population, musculoskeletal conditions are becoming more inherent. Delayed union is defined as a slower than normal fracture healing response, with no healing after 4 to 6 months; however, the union is anticipated given sufficient time. In the context of delayed/non-union, fragility fractures in osteoporotic populations carry significant patient morbidity and socioeconomic costs. Multiple mechanisms hinder fracture healing in osteoporotic patients, imbalanced bone remodelling leads to impaired bone microarchitecture due to reduced osteoblast number and activity and as such, callus formation is diminished. Since stem cells can self-renew and differentiate into various tissue lineages, they are becoming very popular in tissue regeneration in musculoskeletal conditions. In this review, we discuss the role of stem cells in physiological fracture healing and their potential therapeutic use following a fracture. We explore the potential of stem cells, the release of chemokines and cytokines to reduce fracture risk in osteoporosis.

Cite this article as:

Sanghani-Kerai Anita *, McCreary Dara , Lancashire Henry , Osagie Liza , Coathup Melanie and Blunn Gordon , Stem Cell Interventions for Bone Healing: Fractures and Osteoporosis, Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy 2018; 13 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574888X13666180410160511