In vitro and in silico Evaluation of Non-Quaternary Reactivators of AChE as Antidotes of Organophosphorus Poisoning - a New Hope or a Blind Alley?

Title:In vitro and in silico Evaluation of Non-Quaternary Reactivators of AChE as Antidotes of Organophosphorus Poisoning - a New Hope or a Blind Alley?

Volume: 14 Issue: 3

Author(s): Ondrej Soukup, Jan Korabecny, David Malinak, Eugenie Nepovimova, Ngoc L. Pham, Kamil Musilek, Martina Hrabinova, Vendula Hepnarova, Rafael Dolezal, Petr Pavek, Petr Jost, Tereza Kobrlova, Jana Jankockova, Lukas Gorecki, Miroslav Psotka, Thuy D. Nguyen, Karl Box, Breeze Outhwaite, Martina Ceckova, Ales Sorf, Daniel Jun*Kamil Kuca*

Affiliation:

• Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 01 Hradec Kralove,Czech Republic

• Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove,Czech Republic

Keywords: Anxiety, acetylcholinesterase, organophosphate, oxime reactivators, quaternary oximes, non-quaternary oximes, neurotransmission.

Abstract: Background: In the last decade, the concept of uncharged reactivators potentially able to penetrate the CNS has been introduced as an alternative to the classic charged oxime reactivators. However, this concept brings with it several associated drawbacks such as higher lipophilicity, difficulty in administration, lower affinity to cholinesterases, and higher toxicity risk.

Objective: In this study, we compare data obtained for a set of five classic charged reactivators and a set of three recently published uncharged oximes supplemented by two novel ones.

Methods: This time, we used only in silico prediction and in vitro approaches.

Results: Our data showed that tested uncharged oximes have low affinity for cholinesterases, do not possess high reactivation potency, and certainly represent a greater toxicity risk due to higher lipophilicity. We assume that balanced physicochemical properties will be required for the successful treatment of OP poisoning. Nevertheless, the compound meeting such criteria and pinpointed in silico (K1280) failed in this particular case.

Conclusion: From the presented data, it seems that the concept of uncharged reactivators will have to be modified, at least to improve the bioavailability and to satisfy requirements for in vivo administration.

Cite this article as:

Soukup Ondrej, Korabecny Jan , Malinak David, Nepovimova Eugenie, Pham L. Ngoc , Musilek Kamil , Hrabinova Martina , Hepnarova Vendula , Dolezal Rafael , Pavek Petr , Jost Petr, Kobrlova Tereza , Jankockova Jana , Gorecki Lukas, Psotka Miroslav , Nguyen D. Thuy , Box Karl, Outhwaite Breeze, Ceckova Martina, Sorf Ales , Jun Daniel*, Kuca Kamil *, In vitro and in silico Evaluation of Non-Quaternary Reactivators of AChE as Antidotes of Organophosphorus Poisoning - a New Hope or a Blind Alley?, Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 14 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573406414666180112105657