Abstract
Identification of transformation products and elucidation of degradation pathways of pharmaceuticals in the environment is a challenging task due to the numerous compounds, their low concentrations, and complexity of the environmental matrices. This manuscript summarizes present knowledge about main degradation routes of pharmaceuticals in the environment and review published methods and approaches for their determination in environmental samples, with a special emphasis on the mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques.
Keywords: Pharmaceuticals, environment, fate, degradation path, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance.
Graphical Abstract
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Catalytic C-H bond activation as a tool for functionalization of heterocycles
The major topic is the functionalization of heterocycles through catalyzed C-H bond activation. The strategies based on C-H activation not only provide straightforward formation of C-C or C-X bonds but, more importantly, allow for the avoidance of pre-functionalization of one or two of the cross-coupling partners. The beneficial impact of ...read more
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