Atomoxetine Protects Against NMDA Receptor-mediated Hippocampal Neuronal Death Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia

Title:Atomoxetine Protects Against NMDA Receptor-mediated Hippocampal Neuronal Death Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia

Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Author(s): Joon Ha Park, Yang Hee Kim, Ji Hyeon Ahn, Soo Young Choi, Seongkweon Hong, Sung Koo Kim, Il Jun Kang, Young-Myeong Kim, Tae-Kyeong Lee, Moo-Ho Won*Choong-Hyun Lee*

Affiliation:

• Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341,Korea

• Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116,Korea

Keywords: Ischemic insults, delayed neuronal death, CA1 pyramidal neurons, neuroexcitotoxicity, noradrenergic reuptake inhibitor, neuroprotection.

Abstract: Background: Atomoxetine has been widely used for the treatment of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder. ATX has additional abilities such as antagonistic effects on the N-methyl-Daspartate receptors (NMDARs) and benefit effects in some animal models of neurological disorders. However, there were few studies regarding protective effects and related mechanisms of ATX against cerebral ischemic insults.

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate neuroprotection of ATX pretreatment and its mechanisms in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) region following transient global cerebral ischemia in gerbils.

Method: Gerbils were subjected to transient global cerebral ischemia induced by the occlusion of common carotid arteries for 5 min. Thirty mg/kg of ATX was administrated intraperitoneally once daily for 3 days before ischemic surgery. To examine neuroprotective effects of ATX, we carried out neuronal nuclear antigen immunohistochemistry and Fluoro-Jade B histofluorescence staining. In addition, immunoreactivities of NMDAR1, NMDAR2A/B, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2- associated X protein (Bax) are closely related with neuroexcitotoxicity.

Results: ATX pretreatment reduced ischemia-induced hyperactivity and protected CA1 pyramidal neurons from ischemia. Pretreatment with ATX significantly attenuated ischemia-induced increases of NMDAR1 and NMDAR2A/B immunoreactivities in the CA1 pyramidal neurons at early time following ischemia. In addition, significant ischemia-induced alterations of Bcl-2 and Bax immunoreactivities were not observed in the ATX-treated group following ischemia.

Conclusion: These results show that pretreatment with ATX protected against ischemic neuronal via inhibition of ischemia-induced excitotoxicity at early time following transient global cerebral ischemia.

Cite this article as:

Park Ha Joon, Kim Hee Yang , Ahn Hyeon Ji , Choi Young Soo , Hong Seongkweon , Kim Koo Sung , Kang Jun Il , Kim Young-Myeong , Lee Tae-Kyeong , Won Moo-Ho *, Lee Choong-Hyun*, Atomoxetine Protects Against NMDA Receptor-mediated Hippocampal Neuronal Death Following Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia, Current Neurovascular Research 2017; 14 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567202614666170328094042

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567202614666170328094042	Print ISSN 1567-2026
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-5739