Current Therapeutic Alternatives and New Perspectives in Glioblastoma Multiforme

Title:Current Therapeutic Alternatives and New Perspectives in Glioblastoma Multiforme

Volume: 24 Issue: 25

Author(s): Ángelo S.T. Arévalo, José I. Erices, Daniel A. Uribe, Jake Howden, Ignacio Niechi, Sebastián Muñoz, Rody S. Martín and Claudia A.Q. Monrás*

Affiliation:

• Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja s/n, P.O. Box: 567, Valdivia,Chile

Keywords: Glioblastoma multiforme, alkylating agents, MGMT, multiple drug resistance, MRP-1, immunotherapy.

Abstract: Background: In the last two decades, there have been significant technological advances in the early detection of brain tumors. However, no notable improvements have been observed in the treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM), the most common brain neoplasm coupled with the worst prognosis. GBM is characterized by an extensive resistance to a broad spectrum of anti-tumor drugs. This property is the result of a phenomenon known as Multiple Drug Resistance (MDR), which significantly limits noninvasive alternative therapies. This limitation is primarily due to the activity of ABC transporters and proteins related with DNA repair such as the MGMT enzyme. Due to the high mortality rate in GBM patients and current treatment deficits, new therapeutic strategies for this type of neoplasm are of vital importance.

Methods: In this review, proposed treatments for GBM, including the use of alkylating agents with MGMT inhibitors, MDR modulators, and immunotherapies are discussed. We focused our bibliographic research on papers containing in vitro, in vivo, and clinical phase analysis published over the last 20 years.

Results: Several studies have demonstrated good results using alkylating agents plus MGMT inhibitors, although without great improvements in survival. The use of modulators of ABC transporters enhances the effects of chemotherapy, proving it an effective complementary therapy. Immunotherapies have undergone significant developments as a directed and personalized approach for GBM treatment.

Conclusion: The use of alternative complementary therapies discussed in this review could increase the survival of GBM patients; however, additional clinical phase analysis and the generation of new treatment protocols are required.

Cite this article as:

Arévalo S.T. Ángelo , Erices I. José , Uribe A. Daniel , Howden Jake , Niechi Ignacio, Muñoz Sebastián, Martín S. Rody and Monrás A.Q. Claudia*, Current Therapeutic Alternatives and New Perspectives in Glioblastoma Multiforme, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017; 24 (25) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170303122241

DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867324666170303122241	Print ISSN 0929-8673
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher	Online ISSN 1875-533X