摘要
脂质是普遍存在的分子，已知在各种细胞过程中起重要作用。因此，脂质组的改变可以用作疾病征兆的读数，突出了除了核酸和蛋白质之外还考虑脂质作为生物标志物的重要性。脂质是生物组织的主要结构和功能组分，尤其是细胞膜。随着膜的形成，脂质在细胞信号传导，炎症和能量储存中也起着至关重要的作用。最近显示脂质代谢紊乱在癌发生和发展中起重要作用。同样，脂质在疾病中的作用与细菌感染特别相关，在此期间，几种脂质细菌毒力因子被人类先天免疫反应所识别，例如革兰氏阴性细菌中的脂多糖，革兰氏阳性细菌中的脂磷壁酸，以及分枝杆菌中的脂多糖。与核酸和蛋白质相比，脂质组的完整分析，即不同脂质家族的综合表征，由于脂类的异质性及其由各类成分的变化引起的内在物理性质，通常非常具有挑战性。因此，了解脂质的化学多样性对于了解其生物相关性至关重要，因此，它们可用作非传染性和传染性疾病的潜在生物标志物。这篇小型综述揭示了目前使用脂质作为癌症和细菌感染的顶级全球杀手的生物标志物的知识和局限性。
关键词: 脂类，细菌感染，肺结核，抗生素耐药，癌症，生物标志物。
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