A Focus on the Synthesis and Pharmacokinetics of Tocainide and its Analogues

Title:A Focus on the Synthesis and Pharmacokinetics of Tocainide and its Analogues

Volume: 25 Issue: 42

Author(s): Alessia Carocci, Filomena Corbo, Giovanni Lentini, Maria Maddalena Cavalluzzi, Carlo Franchini and Alessia Catalano*

Affiliation:

• Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari,Italy

Keywords: Antiarrhythmic agents, antimyotonic agents, sodium channel blockers, tocainide, hNav1.4, myotonias.

Abstract: Tocainide is an antiarrhythmic agent belonging to class IB that was primarily used for suppression of symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias. Tocainide was also reported to relieve pain such as tic douloureux, trigemina neuralgia in humans and tinnitus. Significant antinociception, as assayed on the hot-plate test, was observed after intraperitoneal injection of tocainide, too. By the mid-1980s tocainide was emerging as a more consistently effective treatment for myotonic disorders. Numerous reports of serious adverse reactions led to the use of tocainide being discontinued, even though research on tocainide and its analogues, endowed with a better pharmacological profile, is still in progress for their potential usefulness in the treatment of myotonias. This review is focused on the description of the different synthetic routes to racemic and optically active tocainide developed in the last decades, as well as analytical studies regarding enantioseparation methods. Finally, some analogues of tocainide reported in the literature, most of which with pharmacological studies, have been mentioned.

Cite this article as:

Carocci Alessia , Corbo Filomena , Lentini Giovanni , Cavalluzzi Maddalena Maria , Franchini Carlo and Catalano Alessia*, A Focus on the Synthesis and Pharmacokinetics of Tocainide and its Analogues, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2018; 25 (42) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180327104320