摘要
前列腺癌(PCA)是全世界男性中最常见的非皮肤癌,其死亡率和发病率都很高。根据癌症的分级和分期,患者可以接受放射治疗、激素治疗或化疗。然而,这些患者中有一半以上对治疗产生了抵抗力,导致疾病的进展和转移,往往具有致命的后果。microRNAs(MiRNAs)是一种短而非编码的RNA,可调控包括癌症在内的多种生理和病理过程。miRNAs主要通过与目标mRNAs的3‘-非翻译区(UTR)结合来调节其调控作用。本文综述了miRNAs介导PCa放射和药物治疗(即激素治疗和化疗)耐药的机制,包括细胞凋亡、细胞生长和增殖、自噬、上皮间充质转移(EMT)、侵袭转移和肿瘤干细胞(CSCs)等。此外,我们将讨论从前列腺癌患者不同体液中分离出的循环miRNAs作为癌症检测、疾病进展和治疗反应的无创生物标记物的用途。最后,我们将列出候选miRNAs,它可能在药物和辐射抗药性中发挥作用,有可能被用作治疗反应的预测生物标志物。
关键词: 微RNA(MiRNAs),生物标志物,前列腺癌,治疗反应,放射和药物治疗,凋亡。
图形摘要
Current Cancer Drug Targets
Title:Role of MicroRNAs in Treatment Response in Prostate Cancer
Volume: 18 Issue: 10
关键词: 微RNA(MiRNAs),生物标志物,前列腺癌,治疗反应,放射和药物治疗,凋亡。
摘要: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common non-skin cancer in men worldwide, resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Depending on the grade and stage of the cancer, patients may be given radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, or chemotherapy. However, more than half of these patients develop resistance to treatment, leading to disease progression and metastases, often with lethal consequences. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, non-coding RNAs, which regulate numerous physiological as well as pathological processes, including cancer. miRNAs mediate their regulatory effect predominately by binding to the 3′-untranslated region (UTR) of their target mRNAs. In this review, we will describe the mechanisms by which miRNAs mediate resistance to radiation and drug therapy (i.e. hormone therapy and chemotherapy) in PCa, including control of apoptosis, cell growth and proliferation, autophagy, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis, and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Furthermore, we will discuss the utility of circulating miRNAs isolated from different body fluids of prostate cancer patients as non-invasive biomarkers of cancer detection, disease progression, and therapy response. Finally, we will shortlist the candidate miRNAs, which may have a role in drug and radioresistance, that could potentially be used as predictive biomarkers of treatment response.
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Cite this article as:
Role of MicroRNAs in Treatment Response in Prostate Cancer, Current Cancer Drug Targets 2018; 18 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009618666180315160125
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568009618666180315160125 |
Print ISSN 1568-0096 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5576 |
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