摘要
目的:认知是一种复杂的特征,它代表着一套与知识相关的所有心理能力和过程。虽然不同的大脑区域参与其中,但大多数认知过程似乎nGage皮质区。前额叶皮层多巴胺能神经元的活性是认知功能的一种生物底物。阿尔茨海默病(AD)是最常见的疾病IA与认知障碍有关。AD患者的认知障碍是从记忆、语言、思维和推理的离散性恶化开始的,但它会发展到更严重和更严重的程度。导致认知功能障碍。认知功能受各种遗传、表观遗传、发育和环境因素之间复杂的相互作用的影响。研究最多的基因之一,邻苯二酚-O-甲基转移酶(COMT)是一种与认知障碍相关的基因,在多巴胺代谢和不同脑功能的调节中起重要作用。特瑞夫COMT被认为是许多神经精神疾病的靶点,包括痴呆和AD。COMT Val158/108 Met功能多态性对酶活性及结果有显著影响他们的认知能力改变多巴胺功能相关。协会的COMT基因/ 108met AD与某些认知领域、精神病的多态性报道在一些不所有的研究。除COMT Val158/108 Met多态性外,还应评估其他危险基因型或单倍型,以确定COMT与AD认知功能减退的关系。 结论:更好地理解COMT在AD认知过程中的作用,以及神经生物学、遗传学、基因组和表观遗传学数据的整合,可能有助于开发新的潜能。认知障碍和精神病症状的综合治疗,AD的特点。
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病,神经退行性疾病,认知,儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶(COMT),多态性,神经精神障碍。
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Catechol-O-methyltransferase, Cognition and Alzheimer's Disease
Volume: 15 Issue: 5
关键词: 阿尔茨海默病,神经退行性疾病,认知,儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶(COMT),多态性,神经精神障碍。
摘要: Objective: Cognition is a complex trait representing a set of all mental abilities and processes related to knowledge. Although diverse brain regions are involved, most cognitive processes appear to engage cortical regions. The activity of dopaminergic neurons in prefrontal cortex represents a biological substrate underlying cognitive functions. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the most frequent dementia associated with cognitive impairments. Cognitive impairment in AD starts slowly with discrete deterioration in memory, language, thinking and reasoning, but it progresses into more severe and debilitating cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive function is affected by the complex interactions between various genetic, epigenetic, developmental and environmental factors. One of the most studied genes, associated with cognitive disturbances, is the gene coding for Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), the enzyme with major role in dopamine metabolism and modulation of different brain functions. Therefore, COMT is studied as a target for many neuropsychiatric disorders, including dementias and AD. The COMT Val158/108Met functional polymorphism affects significantly the enzyme activity and consequently cognitive performance associated with altered dopamine function. The association of COMT Val158/108Met polymorphism with some cognitive domains and psychosis in AD was reported in some but not in all studies. Besides COMT Val158/108Met polymorphism, other risk genotypes or haplotypes should be evaluated to determine the association of COMT with cognitive decline in AD.
Conclusion: Better understanding of the role of COMT in cognitive processes in AD, as well as integration of neurobiological, genetic, genomic and epigenetic data, might help in developing new potential therapies of cognitive impairments and psychotic symptoms, characteristic features of AD.
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Catechol-O-methyltransferase, Cognition and Alzheimer's Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2018; 15 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205015666171212094229
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205015666171212094229 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
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