Abstract
HSV-1 amplicons can accommodate foreign DNA of any size up to 150 kbp. Genomic sequences as well as cDNA, large transcriptional regulatory sequences for cell type-specific expression, or multiple transgenes can be inserted in a modular fashion. HSV-1 amplicon vectors deliver DNA efficiently into the cell nucleus as an extrachromosomal, nonreplicating circular concatenate, which is rapidly diluted, at least in dividing cells. Consequently, transgene expression is lost within days to weeks in dividing cells, but may be retained for months in non-dividing cells. In contrast, vectors based on Epstein-Barr virus, adeno-associated virus, or retroviruses can mediate long-term transgene expression, as vector DNA is retained by episomal replication or chromosomal integration. Hybrid amplicons use genetic elements from HSV-1 that allow replication and packaging of the vector DNA into HSV-1 virions, thereby conserving the large transgene capacity of HSV-1, and genetic elements from other viruses that confer gen etic stability to the vector DNA within transduced cells. Additional strategies to sustain genetic material in infected cells include the incorporation of recombinases from different bacteriophages or transposable elements of the Tc1 mariner family in the amplicon vector. Moreover, modification of the HSV-1 virion itself offers a myriad of possibilities to improve gene delivery by targeting specific cell populations or transporting foreign proteins, such as Cre recombinase or the adeno-associated virus Rep protein, which can control the fate and expression of the therapeutic transgene.
Keywords: herpes simplex virus type 1, epstein-barr virus, adeno-associated virus, retrovirus, vector systems, amplicon, hybrid amplicon
Current Gene Therapy
Title: Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Amplicons and their Hybrid Virus Partners, EBV, AAV, and Retrovirus
Volume: 4 Issue: 4
Author(s): Angelika Oehmig, Cornel Fraefel, Xandra O. Breakefield and Mathias Ackermann
Affiliation:
Keywords: herpes simplex virus type 1, epstein-barr virus, adeno-associated virus, retrovirus, vector systems, amplicon, hybrid amplicon
Abstract: HSV-1 amplicons can accommodate foreign DNA of any size up to 150 kbp. Genomic sequences as well as cDNA, large transcriptional regulatory sequences for cell type-specific expression, or multiple transgenes can be inserted in a modular fashion. HSV-1 amplicon vectors deliver DNA efficiently into the cell nucleus as an extrachromosomal, nonreplicating circular concatenate, which is rapidly diluted, at least in dividing cells. Consequently, transgene expression is lost within days to weeks in dividing cells, but may be retained for months in non-dividing cells. In contrast, vectors based on Epstein-Barr virus, adeno-associated virus, or retroviruses can mediate long-term transgene expression, as vector DNA is retained by episomal replication or chromosomal integration. Hybrid amplicons use genetic elements from HSV-1 that allow replication and packaging of the vector DNA into HSV-1 virions, thereby conserving the large transgene capacity of HSV-1, and genetic elements from other viruses that confer gen etic stability to the vector DNA within transduced cells. Additional strategies to sustain genetic material in infected cells include the incorporation of recombinases from different bacteriophages or transposable elements of the Tc1 mariner family in the amplicon vector. Moreover, modification of the HSV-1 virion itself offers a myriad of possibilities to improve gene delivery by targeting specific cell populations or transporting foreign proteins, such as Cre recombinase or the adeno-associated virus Rep protein, which can control the fate and expression of the therapeutic transgene.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Oehmig Angelika, Fraefel Cornel, Breakefield O. Xandra and Ackermann Mathias, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Amplicons and their Hybrid Virus Partners, EBV, AAV, and Retrovirus, Current Gene Therapy 2004; 4 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566523043346129
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566523043346129 |
Print ISSN 1566-5232 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5631 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Programmed Cell Death Genes in Oncology: Pioneering Therapeutic and Diagnostic Frontiers (BMS-CGT-2024-HT-45)
Programmed Cell Death (PCD) is recognized as a pivotal biological mechanism with far-reaching effects in the realm of cancer therapy. This complex process encompasses a variety of cell death modalities, including apoptosis, autophagic cell death, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, each of which contributes to the intricate landscape of cancer development and ...read more

- Author Guidelines
- Bentham Author Support Services (BASS)
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Diffusion Tensor Tractography in the Evaluation of Congenital and Acquired Diseases of the Pediatric Visual System
Current Pediatric Reviews Potential Roles of Eosinophils in Cancer Therapy: Epidemiological Studies, Experimental Models, and Clinical Pathology
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Bcl-2 Inhibitors: Emerging Drugs in Cancer Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Multi-modal Anti-cancer Activities Provided by a Non-replicating Sendai Virus Envelope
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Brain
Current Nanoscience Molecular Imaging to Monitor Repair of Myocardial Infarction Using Genetically Engineered Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Current Gene Therapy Targeted Drug Delivery to Cancer Stem Cells through Nanotechnological Approaches
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Potentiation of Anti-Cancer Treatment by Modulators of Energy Metabolism
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Recent Advances in Use of Topoisomerase Inhibitors in Combination Cancer Therapy
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor Prevents Melanoma Growth via Angiogenesis Inhibition
Current Pharmaceutical Design Extracellular Proteases as Targets for Drug Development
Current Protein & Peptide Science Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Important Biomarkers and their Significance in Molecular Diagnostics and Therapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry Gender Hormones: Role in the Pathogenesis of Central Nervous System Disease and Demyelination
Current Neurovascular Research Angiomodulatory and Neurological Effects of Ginsenosides
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mitochondria-Targeting Anticancer Metal Complexes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Detection and Specific Targeting of Hypoxic Regions within Solid Tumors: Current Preclinical and Clinical Strategies
Current Medicinal Chemistry Tankyrases: Structure, Function and Therapeutic Implications in Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Double-Edged Sword of Novel Anti-Cancer Treatment: Proteasome Inhibition in the Growth Plate Causes Impairment of Longitudinal Bone Growth
Current Pediatric Reviews New Vessel Formation in the Central Nervous System During Tumor Growth, Vascular Malformations, and Moyamoya
Current Neurovascular Research Epigenetic Modulation Using Small Molecules - Targeting Histone Acetyltransferases in Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry