Abstract
The genetic material in humans contains approximately 6 billion base pairs in the nuclear genome and 16,569 base pairs in the mitochondrial genome [1-3]. In some cases the difference between a healthy and a sick individual consists in only one nucleotide. Thus, it is evident that the pristine replication of the genome is a key event in the avoidance of mutations and therefore diseases. Although it is generally believed that DNA is an inert molecule, it contains reactive groups that are exposed to a multitude of chemical agents like Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS), xenobiotic compounds, and UV light which can react with DNA to form adducts that compromise its coding potential. For instance, it is estimated that a mammalian genome suffers close to 100,000 abasic sites per day [4, 5]. In general, replicative DNA polymerases are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the genome during it replication, family X polymerases are important in DNA repair mechanisms, and Translesion Synthesis DNA polymerases ensure the faithful replication across from DNA lesions. This revision attempts to briefly summarize the role of human template dependent DNA polymerases involved in replication, DNA repair, and lesion bypass.
Keywords: DNA polymerases, structure-function
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Template Dependent Human DNA Polymerases
Volume: 8 Issue: 15
Author(s): Luis G. Brieba
Affiliation:
Keywords: DNA polymerases, structure-function
Abstract: The genetic material in humans contains approximately 6 billion base pairs in the nuclear genome and 16,569 base pairs in the mitochondrial genome [1-3]. In some cases the difference between a healthy and a sick individual consists in only one nucleotide. Thus, it is evident that the pristine replication of the genome is a key event in the avoidance of mutations and therefore diseases. Although it is generally believed that DNA is an inert molecule, it contains reactive groups that are exposed to a multitude of chemical agents like Reactive Oxidative Species (ROS), xenobiotic compounds, and UV light which can react with DNA to form adducts that compromise its coding potential. For instance, it is estimated that a mammalian genome suffers close to 100,000 abasic sites per day [4, 5]. In general, replicative DNA polymerases are responsible for maintaining the integrity of the genome during it replication, family X polymerases are important in DNA repair mechanisms, and Translesion Synthesis DNA polymerases ensure the faithful replication across from DNA lesions. This revision attempts to briefly summarize the role of human template dependent DNA polymerases involved in replication, DNA repair, and lesion bypass.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Brieba G. Luis, Template Dependent Human DNA Polymerases, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2008; 8 (15) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802608786141098
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802608786141098 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Medicinal Chemistry Advancement in Life-Threatening Diseases
The current issue will highlight concise reports that specify ground-breaking insights, including the novel discovery of drug targets and their action mechanism or drugs of novel classes. These are projected to encourage medicinal chemistry future efforts to address the most challenging medical needs. The current issue highlights further efforts to ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Growth Inhibition of Human Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells H460 By Green Tea and Ginger Polyphenols
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Neuroprotection by Natural Polyphenols: Molecular Mechanisms
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Association between <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Infection and Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Immunotoxins Constructed with Ribosome-Inactivating Proteins and their Enhancers: A Lethal Cocktail with Tumor Specific Efficacy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Evaluating Drug Safety in Children and Adolescents with Bipolar Disorder
Current Drug Safety Clinical Improvement and Cortical Adaptations After Functional Electrical Stimulation in Parkinson’s Disease Patients
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Cell Biological Consequences of Mitochondrial NADH: Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Deficiency
Current Neurovascular Research Xenobiotic Acyl Glucuronides and Acyl CoA Thioesters as Protein- Reactive Metabolites With the Potential to Cause Idiosyncratic Drug Reactions
Current Drug Metabolism Conotoxins: Structure, Therapeutic Potential and Pharmacological Applications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Novel Hybrid Anticonvulsants Derived from Pyrrolidine-2,5-dione Scaffold with Broad Spectrum of Activity in the Preclinical Studies
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Calcium-Sensing Receptor as a Regulator of Cellular Fate in Normal and Pathological Conditions
Current Molecular Medicine Nutrition and Bone Health: Its Relationship to Osteoporosis
Current Nutrition & Food Science Implementation of Bagged SVM Ensemble Model for Classification of Epileptic States Using EEG
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology SiRNA Mediated Gene Silencing: Hurdles, Strategies and Applications
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Graphical Abstracts
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Clinical Uses of Melatonin: Evaluation of Human Trials
Current Medicinal Chemistry O-(2-[18F]-Fluoroethyl)-L-Tyrosine (FET) in Neurooncology: A Review of Experimental Results
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Schiff Bases of Benzothiazol-2-ylamine and Thiazolo[5,4-b] pyridin-2-ylamine as Anticonvulsants: Synthesis, Characterization and Toxicity Profiling*
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Vitamin D Supplementation: A Promising Approach for the Prevention and Treatment of Strokes
Current Drug Targets Editorial [Hot topic: An Overview on the Design, Development, Characterization and Applications of Novel Nanomedicines for Brain Targeting (Guest Editor: Eliana B. Souto)]
Current Nanoscience