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Current Cancer Drug Targets

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ISSN (Online): 1873-5576

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Review Article

The Interactions among Hypertension, Cancer, and COVID-19: Perspective with Regard to Ca2+/cAMP Signalling

Author(s): Leandro Bueno Bergantin*

Volume 22, Issue 5, 2022

Published on: 26 April, 2022

Page: [351 - 360] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1568009622666220215143805

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: The hypothesis that hypertension is clinically associated with an enhanced risk of developing cancer has been highlighted. However, the working principles involved in this link are still under intensive discussion. A correlation among inflammation, hypertension, and cancer could accurately describe the clinical link between these diseases. In addition, dyshomeostasis of Ca2+ has been considered to be involved in both cancer and hypertension, and inflammation. There is a strong link between Ca2+ signalling, e.g. enhanced Ca2+ signals, and inflammatory outcomes. cAMP also modulates pro- and anti-inflammatory outcomes; pharmaceuticals, which increase intracellular cAMP levels, can decrease the production of proinflammatory mediators and enhance the production of antiinflammatory outcomes.

Objective: This article highlights the participation of Ca2+/cAMP signalling in the clinical association among inflammation, hypertension, and an enhanced risk for the development of cancer. In addition, considering that research on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a rapidly evolving field, this article also reviews recent reports related to the role of Ca2+ channel blockers in restoring Ca2+ signalling disruption due to COVID-19, including the relationship among COVID-19, cancer, and hypertension.

Conclusion: An understanding of the association among these diseases could expand current pharmacotherapy, involving Ca2+ channel blockers and pharmaceuticals that facilitate a rise in cAMP levels.

Keywords: Cancer, hypertension, Ca2+/cAMP signaling, COVID-19, inflammation, dyshomeostasis.

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Graphical Abstract

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