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Review Article

工程外泌体：一种有前途的脑部疾病药物递送策略

卷 29, 期 17, 2022

发表于: 02 September, 2021

页: [3111 - 3124] 页: 14

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867328666210902142015

价格: $65

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摘要

外泌体是从各种细胞释放的纳米级天然膜囊泡的异质组，存在于体液中。与以前对外泌体作为“垃圾桶”的功能的理解不同，外泌体作为载体，具有多种生物活性分子（例如蛋白质，脂质和核酸），在细胞 - 细胞通讯中起重要作用。近年来越来越多的证据表明，外泌体在某些脑部疾病的发病机制、诊断和治疗方式中也发挥着一些作用，包括缺血性脑卒中、阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、多发性硬化症和脑癌。外泌体作为脑药物递送的治疗药物载体受到了广泛的关注，外泌体可以克服血脑屏障（BBB）。然而，天然外泌体的低靶向能力和大小依赖性细胞摄取可能深刻影响外泌体的递送性能。最近的研究表明，工程外泌体可以提高药物摄取效率和随后的药物疗效。在本文中，我们将简要介绍工程外泌体在脑部疾病治疗中的工程方法和应用，然后重点讨论基于外泌体的药物递送平台的优势和挑战，以进一步丰富和促进外泌体作为脑部疾病药物递送策略的发展。

关键词: 外泌体，脑部疾病，药物递送，供体细胞工程，外泌体工程，人工外泌体模拟。

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