Abstract
The era of personalized medicine for cancer treatment has just begun opening up novel molecular targets improving cancer therapy. Members of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) axis have been described to be altered and to have prognostic relevance in several different tumor identities.
IGF2 belongs to the most complexly regulated growth factors known. As an imprinted gene it is controlled by epigenetic alterations. IGF2 mRNA binding proteins (IMPs/IGF2BPs) further regulate its translation. IGF2 activity is contained through IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and differential expression of the target receptors. The necessity of such a complex regulation implies pathophysiological effects of a deregulated expression of IGF2. This review attempts to summarize the different levels of IGF2 regulation, especially in the context of cancer. Members of the IGF2 axis are enlightened from the perspective of novel molecular targets for cancer therapy. Preclinical as well as experimental therapeutic interventions targeting IGF2 in cancer will be surveyed.
Keywords: IGF, IMP, IGF2BP, IGFBP, miR-483, cancer, IGF1R, apoptosis.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 - The Oncogene and its Accomplices
Volume: 22 Issue: 39
Author(s): Sonja M. Kessler, Johannes Haybaeck and Alexandra K. Kiemer
Affiliation:
Keywords: IGF, IMP, IGF2BP, IGFBP, miR-483, cancer, IGF1R, apoptosis.
Abstract: The era of personalized medicine for cancer treatment has just begun opening up novel molecular targets improving cancer therapy. Members of the insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) axis have been described to be altered and to have prognostic relevance in several different tumor identities.
IGF2 belongs to the most complexly regulated growth factors known. As an imprinted gene it is controlled by epigenetic alterations. IGF2 mRNA binding proteins (IMPs/IGF2BPs) further regulate its translation. IGF2 activity is contained through IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) and differential expression of the target receptors. The necessity of such a complex regulation implies pathophysiological effects of a deregulated expression of IGF2. This review attempts to summarize the different levels of IGF2 regulation, especially in the context of cancer. Members of the IGF2 axis are enlightened from the perspective of novel molecular targets for cancer therapy. Preclinical as well as experimental therapeutic interventions targeting IGF2 in cancer will be surveyed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Kessler M. Sonja, Haybaeck Johannes and Kiemer K. Alexandra, Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 - The Oncogene and its Accomplices, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2016; 22 (39) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160713100235
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612822666160713100235 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Immunomodulation Mechanism of Antidepressants: Interactions between Serotonin/Norepinephrine Balance and Th1/Th2 Balance
Current Neuropharmacology Diagnosis and Management of Endocrine Hypertension in Children and Adolescents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Potential Anti-cancer Drugs Commonly Used for Other Indications
Current Cancer Drug Targets Differential Regulation of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 and its Implication in Drug Discovery
Current Drug Metabolism Pharmacological Therapy of Cushings Syndrome: Drugs and Indications
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Radiopharmaceuticals to In Vivo Characterize Adrenal Incidentalomas:The Integrated Role of Radionuclide and Radiological Techniques
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Genitourinary Tract Tumors in Children: An Update
Current Pediatric Reviews Overview of Medicinally Important Diterpenoids Derived from Plastids
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Steroid Regulation of Drug-Metabolizing Cytochromes P450
Current Drug Metabolism Endocrine Disruptors and Human Health
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical and Pre-clinical Applications of the Transcendental Meditation Program® in the Prevention and Treatment of Essential Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease in Youth and Adults
Current Hypertension Reviews A Point of View: The Need to Identify an Antigen in Psyconeuroimmunological Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting after Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery
Current Drug Therapy Chemopreventive Properties and Molecular Mechanisms of the Bioactive Compounds in Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linne
Current Medicinal Chemistry Characterization of Hypersecreting or Non-Hypersecreting Adrenal Adenomas: Comparison between Iodine-131 Nor-Cholesterol Scintigraphy and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Three Decades of P-gp Inhibitors: Skimming Through Several Generations and Scaffolds
Current Medicinal Chemistry Anticancer Drugs Designed by Mother Nature: Ancient Drugs but Modern Targets
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cytokine-Induced Depression: Current Status and Novel Targets for Depression Therapy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets MtDNA As a Cancer Marker: A Finally Closed Chapter?
Current Genomics From Physiome to Pathome: A Systems Biology Model of Major Depressive Disorder and the Psycho-Immune-Neuroendocrine Network
Current Psychiatry Reviews