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Review Article

肺表面活性剂：一种独特的生物材料，具有挽救生命的治疗应用

卷 29, 期 3, 2022

发表于: 27 December, 2021

页: [526 - 590] 页: 65

弟呕挨: 10.2174/0929867328666210825110421

价格: $65

摘要

肺表面活性剂是由2型肺细胞分泌到肺泡腔中的复合脂蛋白混合物，由数十种不同的脂质（约占其整个质量的90%）和表面活性剂蛋白（约占质量的10%）组成。它通过在期末将肺泡液体表面张力的值降低到接近零来维持肺稳态，从而避免肺泡塌陷，并组装化学和物理屏障以防止吸入的病原体，从而至关重要地参与维持肺稳态。表面活性剂缺乏或其功能失活与广泛的肺部病理直接相关，包括新生儿呼吸窘迫综合征。本文综述了表面活性剂活性的主要生物物理概念及其失活机制，并描述了表面活性剂替代疗法过去，现在和未来的作用，重点关注全球销售的外源性表面活性剂制剂和正在开发的新配方。结尾部分描述了药物递送情况下的肺表面活性剂。由于其独特的成分，生物相容性和肺泡扩散能力，表面活性剂不仅可以作为其他药物的肺分支解剖结构的穿梭，还可以作为其释放的调节剂，从而为治疗几种呼吸系统疾病提供创新的治疗途径。

关键词: 肺表面活性剂，表面张力，呼吸窘迫综合征，表面活性剂替代疗法，外源性表面活性剂制剂，药物输送。

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