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Protein & Peptide Letters

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ISSN (Online): 1875-5305

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Review Article

An Overview of 7α- and 7β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Structure, Specificity and Practical Application

Author(s): Deshuai Lou, Xi Liu and Jun Tan*

Volume 28, Issue 11, 2021

Published on: 16 August, 2021

Page: [1206 - 1219] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/0929866528666210816114032

Price: $65

Abstract

7α-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase are key enzymes involved in bile acid metabolism. They catalyze the epimerization of a hydroxyl group through 7-keto bile acid intermediates. Basic research of the two enzymes has focused on exploring new enzymes and the structure-function relationship. The application research focused on the in vitro biosynthesis of bile acid drugs and the exploration and improvement of their catalytic ability based on molecular engineering. This article summarized the primary and advanced structural characteristics, specificities, biochemical properties, and applications of the two enzymes. The emphasis is also given to obtaining novel 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase that are thermally stable and active in the presence of organic solvents, high substrate concentration, and extreme pH values. To achieve these goals, enzyme redesigning based on protein engineering and genomics may be the most useful approaches.

Keywords: 7α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 7β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase, substrate specificity, coenzyme specificity, stereoselectivity, protein engineering.

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