摘要
背景:瞬态受体电位 (TRP) 通道构成了一大类非选择性可渗透离子通道,这些离子通道参与环境刺激的感知,在口腔组织稳态中发挥着中心和不断扩大的作用。最近的研究表明 TRP 在牙髓生理、口腔黏膜感觉、牙痛伤害感受和唾液腺分泌中的调节作用。这篇综述提供了关于 TRP 通道在口腔生理学中的多种功能的最新情况,重点是它们的细胞位置、潜在的分子机制和临床意义。 方法:对文献数据库(PubMed 和 MEDLINE)进行结构化搜索,以获取过去十年中 TRP 通道对口腔生理学功能的同行评议研究。对筛选的论文进行了定性内容分析,并对主要发现进行了批判性讨论。 结果:已在口腔的主要细胞类型中检测到 TRPs 表达,包括成牙本质细胞、牙周韧带、口腔上皮细胞、唾液腺细胞和颞下颌关节的软骨细胞,它们在这些细胞中介导信号感知和机械、热和渗透刺激的转导.它们通过牙本质形成、矿化和牙周韧带形成,以及牙髓和牙周膜细胞中的牙槽骨重塑来促进牙髓生理学。 TRPs还参与口腔黏膜感觉、牙痛伤害感受、唾液分泌、吞咽反射和颞下颌关节发育。 结论:各种 TRP 通道调节口腔内稳态,在以细胞类型特异性方式将外部刺激转导至细胞内信号中发挥重要作用,并为开发治疗口腔疾病的药理学策略提供了有希望的药物靶点。
关键词: TRP 通道、生理学、牙髓、PDL、口腔黏膜、唾液腺、牙痛
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