Abstract
In late 2019, a report from China was published stating a disease with an unknown cause. After that, the outbreak of the COVID-19 caused a pandemic in the world. On March 11, 2020, the outbreak of this virus was reported in 100 countries.
The virus is currently spreading rapidly around the world. In the past, coronaviruses caused lifethreatening diseases such as SARS and MERS in some areas of the world. Although there is still a debate about the origin of this new coronavirus, it is most likely linked with some animals, including bats, civet, and pangolin. In this review, we try to describe the features of the new coronavirus as well as the recent diagnostic and therapeutic findings.
Keywords: COVID-19, diagnosis, treatment, coronavirus, pandemic, SARS-CoV-2.
Graphical Abstract
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(66)92364-6] [PMID: 4158999]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.inf.0000188166.17324.60] [PMID: 16378050]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ve/vex012] [PMID: 28630747]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2020.35.e86]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017] [PMID: 31978945]
[PMID: 32259130]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083] [PMID: 32283510]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2020.03.022] [PMID: 32265180]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.72.8.6838-6850.1998] [PMID: 9658133]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v2081803] [PMID: 21994708]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40779-020-00240-0] [PMID: 31928528]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104285] [PMID: 32169673]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105924] [PMID: 32081636]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7] [PMID: 32015507]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052] [PMID: 32142651]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-52727-9.00008-X]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-100114-055218] [PMID: 26958916]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2020200236] [PMID: 32003646]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5] [PMID: 31986264]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(13)70204-4] [PMID: 23891402]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa030685] [PMID: 12682352]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2001272] [PMID: 31991079]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.2565] [PMID: 32083643]
[PMID: 32271459]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15891] [PMID: 32233067]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.8259] [PMID: 32374370]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104446] [PMID: 32512376]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104417] [PMID: 32403007]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180831150259] [PMID: 30182846]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2607.200841] [PMID: 32267220]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21020684] [PMID: 31968672]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17425247.2020.1713746]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2020.04.026] [PMID: 32343948]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.01009.x] [PMID: 15606632]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2020.1729069] [PMID: 32065055]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0065-3527(06)66005-3] [PMID: 16877062]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v11010041] [PMID: 30634396]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-virology-110615-042301] [PMID: 27578435]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.22211.2] [PMID: 32117569]
[PMID: 32134278]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.79.10.5900-5906.2005] [PMID: 15857975]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101652] [PMID: 32247929]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2020.1585] [PMID: 32031570]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9] [PMID: 31986261]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jpr.8.2.139]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tp.2020.02.06] [PMID: 32154135]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01248-09] [PMID: 19864379]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.00749-2020] [PMID: 32241833]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6700] [PMID: 32248575]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2005.02.007] [PMID: 15885816]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.03.018] [PMID: 18479853]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.048] [PMID: 18762235]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5483/BMBRep.2012.45.4.221]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642645]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00107a001] [PMID: 1931959]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2008.08.008] [PMID: 18775680]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5582/bst.2020.01020] [PMID: 31996494]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.5582/ddt.2020.01012] [PMID: 32147628]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102433] [PMID: 32113704]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31022-9] [PMID: 32423584]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100059] [PMID: 32835306]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2007764]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.aax5866] [PMID: 31645453]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0030343] [PMID: 16968120]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31042-4] [PMID: 32401715]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-005-0004-z] [PMID: 16172857]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-0691.2004.00956.x] [PMID: 15214887]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI138745] [PMID: 32254064]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25961] [PMID: 32356910]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep19840] [PMID: 26813885]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature03712] [PMID: 16001071]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4594] [PMID: 24800825]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16048-4] [PMID: 32332765]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949] [PMID: 32205204]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01815-18] [PMID: 30626688]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.01118-06] [PMID: 16973594]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/2159-8290.CD-20-0451] [PMID: 32276929]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1003774] [PMID: 24348248]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2009.12.022] [PMID: 20035825]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2020.04.479] [PMID: 32387456]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/jpps31069] [PMID: 32324533]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/DDDT.S84437] [PMID: 26028963]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31208-3] [PMID: 32450106]
[PMID: 32511340]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.46234/ccdcw2020.032]
[PMID: 32259124]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax.2003.012658] [PMID: 14985565]
[PMID: 32232214]