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Current Diabetes Reviews

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ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

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Mini-Review Article

MicroRNAs and Diabetes Mellitus Type 1

Author(s): Farbod Bahreini, Elham Rayzan and Nima Rezaei *

Volume 18, Issue 2, 2022

Published on: 15 February, 2021

Article ID: e021421191398 Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1573399817666210215111201

Price: $65

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a multifactorial, progressive, autoimmune disease with a strong genetic feature that can affect multiple organs, including the kidney, eyes, and nerves. Early detection of type 1 diabetes can help critically to avoid serious damages to these organs. MicroRNAs are small RNA molecules that act in post-transcriptional gene regulation by attaching to the complementary sequence in the 3'-untranslated region of their target genes. Alterations in the expression of microRNA coding genes are extensively reported in several diseases, such as type 1 diabetes. Presenting non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of type 1 diabetes by quantifying microRNAs gene expression level can be a significant step in biotechnology and medicine. This review discusses the area of microRNAs dysregulation in type 1 diabetes and affected molecular mechanisms involved in pancreatic islet cell formation and dysregulation in the expression of inflammatory elements as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines.

Keywords: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, microRNAs, biomarkers, autoimmune disease, cytokines, biotechnology.

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