脂质代谢和与女性生殖健康相关的疾病

Title:Lipid Metabolism and Relevant Disorders to Female Reproductive Health

Volume: 28 Issue: 27

关键词: 脂质代谢紊乱、脂质调节剂、生殖功能、多囊卵巢综合征、药物治疗、他汀类药物和贝特类药物、二甲双胍。

摘要:

Background: Lipids are essential components of cells that participate in metabolic and endocrine regulation and reproductive functions. The main organs where lipid regulation takes place are the liver and adipose tissue. Besides, when each tissue- specific action cannot be exerted, it could lead to several endocrine-metabolic disorders closely related to PCOS, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity.

Objective: This work aims to discuss the impact of lipid alterations on metabolic and reproductive health. Therefore, this review focus on the importance of carrying out an integrated study of the molecular pathways affected in PCOS for developing target therapies.

Results: Lipids play a major role in PCOS pathogenesis. In this regard, failures in lipid regulation, synthesis, and/or homeostasis contribute to metabolic and reproductive abnormalities, such as those seen in PCOS. Several lipid pathways and regulators are altered in this pathology, leading to dysfunctions that worsen reproductive functions. Therefore, there are several treatments to manage dyslipidemias. Non-pharmacological therapies are considered a first-line treatment being the pharmacological treatments a second-line option.

Conclusion: The best treatment to improve the lipid profile is lifestyle intervention, a combination of hypocaloric diet and exercise. Regarding pharmacological therapies, a combination of fibrate and statins would be the most recommended drugs. Still, in PCOS women, treatment with metformin or TZDs not only modulates the lipid metabolism, but also improves ovulation. In addition, metformin with lifestyle interventions has positive effects on the metabolic and reproductive features of PCOS patients.

Cite this article as:

Lipid Metabolism and Relevant Disorders to Female Reproductive Health, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2021; 28 (27) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867328666210106142912