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摘要
病原微生物应被视为人类的头号敌人,最近的冠状病毒病(COVID-19)爆发以及细菌对现有抗生素不再敏感的事实证明了这一点。病原细菌的抵抗力和可归因于细菌感染的死亡正在成倍增加。细菌使用不同的机制来反击现有抗生素,即(i)酶促抑制,(ii)青霉素结合蛋白修饰,(iii)孔蛋白突变,(iv)外排泵和(v)抗生素靶标的分子修饰。开发新的抗生素来解决这种情况将是耗时的,因此,有希望的方法之一是增强现有的抗生素。植物利用协同作用自然防御和保护自己免受微生物侵害。使用相同的策略,一些研究表明,天然产物和抗生素的组合可以有效地延长现有抗生素的寿命,并最大程度地减少对抗生素耐药性的影响和出现。事实证明,将香精油成分(丁香酚,铁氨酚,法尼醇和香芹酚)与抗生素结合使用是有效的外排泵抑制剂。植物来源的化合物(例如没食子酸和鞣酸)是各种抗生素的有效增强剂,包括新霉素,绿霉素,香豆素,夫西地酸和利福平,导致这些抗生素的效价提高了4倍。这篇综述中讨论的几项研究证明了天然产物在增强现有抗生素方面的有效性。因此,寻求更有效的组合应该是一个持续的过程,目的是延长我们拥有的生命,并可能为即将到来的生命保留生命。
关键词: 抗生素,抗菌耐药性,药用植物,精油,细菌生物膜,协同作用,微生物。
图形摘要
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