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Drug Metabolism Letters

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ISSN (Print): 1872-3128
ISSN (Online): 1874-0758

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Systematic Review Article

Major CYP450 Polymorphism among Saudi Patients

Author(s): Ahmad A. Almeman*

Volume 14, Issue 1, 2021

Published on: 22 July, 2020

Page: [17 - 24] Pages: 8

DOI: 10.2174/1872312814666200722122232

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) contributes to a huge collection of medicinal products' Phase I metabolization. We aimed to summarize and investigate the current evidence regarding the frequency of CYP2D6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, and MDR1 in Saudi Arabia.

Methods: A computerized search in four databases was done using the relevant keywords. The screening process was done in two steps; title and abstract screening and full-text screening. Data of demographic and characteristics of included studies and patients were extracted and tabulated.

Results: Ten studies were eligible for our criteria and were included in this systematic review. The age of participants ranged between 17-65 years. Only two subjects showed PM phenotype of CYP2C19 in the Saudi population. The most frequent alleles were CYP2C19*1 (62.9%), CYP2C19*2 (11.2%-32%), and CYP2C19*17 (25.7%). The CYP2C19m1 was observed in 97 cases of extensive metabolizing (EM) phenotype CYP2C19. Concerning the CYP2C9, the most frequent alleles were CYP2C9*1 and CYP2C9*2, and the most frequent genotype was CYP2C9*1*1. The CYP2D6*41 allele and C1236T MDR1 were the most frequent allele in this population.

Conclusion: The current evidence suggests that Saudi resembled European in the frequency of CYP2C19, Caucasians in both the incidence of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19m1, and the absence of CYP2C19m2. The CYP2D6*41 allele frequency in Saudi is relatively high. We recommend further research to evaluate the basic and clinical relevance of gene polymorphism in such ethnicity.

Keywords: CYP2C19, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, MDR1, polymorphism, Saudis, Cytochrome P450 (CYP).

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