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Current Alzheimer Research

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ISSN (Print): 1567-2050
ISSN (Online): 1875-5828

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Research Article

Melatonin Prevents Neddylation Dysfunction in Aβ42-Exposed SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells by Regulating the Amyloid Precursor Protein- Binding Protein 1 Pathway

Author(s): Mayuri Shukla, Vorapin Chinchalongporn and Piyarat Govitrapong*

Volume 17, Issue 5, 2020

Page: [446 - 459] Pages: 14

DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666200624201356

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP)-Binding Protein 1 (APP-BP1) is a crucial regulator of many key signaling pathways and functions mainly as a scaffold protein to enhance molecular interactions and facilitate catalytic reactions. The interaction of APP-BP1 with Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) plays a role in cell cycle transit control, which determines the mechanism behind the loss of cell cycle regulation in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). In contrast, neddylation, a posttranslational modification mediated by conjugation of ubiquitin-like protein neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated protein 8 (NEDD8), is activated by a heterodimer composed of APP-BP1 and NEDD8-activating enzyme E1 catalytic subunit (Uba3). NEDD8 controls vital biological events, and along with APP-BP1, its levels are deregulated in AD.

Objective: The present study investigated the role of melatonin in regulating the APP-BP1 pathway under both physiological and pathological conditions to develop an understanding of the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Therefore, human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were treated with various concentrations of Aβ42 to induce neurotoxic conditions comparable to AD.

Results: The results are the first to demonstrate that melatonin prevents Aβ42-induced enhancement of APP-BP1 protein expression and alteration in the cellular localization of NEDD8. Moreover, using MLN4924 (APP-BP1 pathway blocker), we also verified the components of the downstream effector cascade of the APP-BP1 pathway, including tau, APP-cleaving secretases, β-catenin and p53.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that melatonin regulates the interplay of molecular signaling associated with the APP-BP1 pathway and might preclude the pathogenic mechanisms occurring during disease development, thus providing a propitious therapeutic strategy for preventing AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer`s, melatonin, amyloid precursor protein-binding protein 1, neddylation, amyloid beta, tau, secretases, β-catenin.

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